Review manuscript : Mechanisms of platelet activation by the pneumococcus and the role of platelets in community-acquired pneumonia

dc.contributor.authorAnderson, Ronald
dc.contributor.authorFeldman, Charles
dc.contributor.emailronald.anderson@up.ac.zaen_ZA
dc.date.accessioned2018-04-05T05:54:25Z
dc.date.issued2017-12
dc.description.abstractThere is increasing recognition of the involvement of platelets in orchestrating inflammatory responses, driving the activation of neutrophils, monocytes and vascular endothelium, which, if poorly controlled, may lead to microvascular dysfunction. Importantly, hyperreactivity of platelets has been implicated in the pathogenesis of myocardial injury and the associated particularly high prevalence of acute cardiovascular events in patients with severe community-acquired pneumonia (CAP), of which Streptococcus pneumoniae (pneumococcus) is the most commonly encountered aetiologic agent. In this context, it is noteworthy that a number of studies have documented various mechanisms by which the pneumococcus may directly promote platelet aggregation and activation. The major contributors to platelet activation include several different types of pneumococcal adhesin, the pore-forming toxin, pneumolysin, and possibly pathogen-derived hydrogen peroxide, which collectively represent a major focus of the current review. This is followed by an overview of the limited experimental studies together with a larger series of clinical studies mainly focused on all-cause CAP, which have provided evidence in support of associations between alterations in circulating platelet counts, most commonly thrombocytopenia, and a poor clinical outcome. The final section of the review covers, albeit briefly, systemic biomarkers of platelet activation which may have prognostic potential.en_ZA
dc.description.departmentImmunologyen_ZA
dc.description.embargo2018-12-01
dc.description.librarianhj2018en_ZA
dc.description.urihttp://www.elsevierhealth.com/journals/jinfen_ZA
dc.identifier.citationAnderson, R. & Feldman, C. 2017, 'Review manuscript : Mechanisms of platelet activation by the pneumococcus and the role of platelets in community-acquired pneumonia', Journal of Infection, vol. 75, no. 6, pp. 473-485.en_ZA
dc.identifier.issn1532-2742 (online)
dc.identifier.issn0163-4453 (print)
dc.identifier.other10.1016/j.jinf.2017.09.013
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/2263/64392
dc.language.isoenen_ZA
dc.publisherElsevieren_ZA
dc.rights© 2017 The British Infection Association. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. Notice : this is the author’s version of a work that was accepted for publication in Journal of Infection. Changes resulting from the publishing process, such as peer review, editing, corrections, structural formatting, and other quality control mechanisms may not be reflected in this document. A definitive version was subsequently published in Journal of Infection, vol. 75, no. 6, pp. 473-485, 2017. doi : 10.1016/j.jinf.2017.09.013.en_ZA
dc.subjectCommunity-acquired pneumonia (CAP)en_ZA
dc.subjectAdhesinsen_ZA
dc.subjectHydrogen peroxideen_ZA
dc.subjectPlateletsen_ZA
dc.subjectPlatelet-activating factoren_ZA
dc.subjectPneumococcusen_ZA
dc.subjectPneumolysinen_ZA
dc.subjectStreptococcus pneumoniaeen_ZA
dc.subjectThrombocytopeniaen_ZA
dc.subjectThrombocytosisen_ZA
dc.subjectToll-like receptorsen_ZA
dc.titleReview manuscript : Mechanisms of platelet activation by the pneumococcus and the role of platelets in community-acquired pneumoniaen_ZA
dc.typePostprint Articleen_ZA

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