Development of EVA and LLDPE polymer-based carvone and spearmint essential oil release systems for citrus postharvest diseases applications

dc.contributor.authorPhala, Katlego
dc.contributor.authorMapossa, António Benjamim
dc.contributor.authorAugustyn, Wilma
dc.contributor.authorCombrinck, Sandra
dc.contributor.authorBotha, Ben
dc.date.accessioned2023-11-08T13:27:16Z
dc.date.available2023-11-08T13:27:16Z
dc.date.issued2023-02
dc.description.abstractCarvone and spearmint essential oil vapours are suitable candidates for the control of citrus postharvest pathogens due to their strong antifungal activity. However, the high volatility of essential oils remains a hurdle that needs to be overcome before it can be applied as an alternative fungicide. This work investigates the antifungal activity of 20 and 30 wt-% spearmint essential oil or carvone, incorporated into ethylene–vinyl acetate (EVA) and linear low-density polyethylene (LLDPE) strands postharvest pathogens affecting kumquats. Following the melt-extrusion process, an average yield of 16–29 % and 15–28 % of the total carvone and spearmint essential oil, respectively, was determined in the polymer strands. Morphological studies using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed the presence of microporous structures in the internal structure of the strands. The membrane-like skin that covers the polymer strand was also confirmed by SEM. Variations in the release rates were observed between carvone and spearmint essential oils, which was attributed to the difference in the vapour pressure of the neat essential oils. Furthermore, in this study, the results demonstrated that the diffusion exponent ‘n’ of the Korsmeyer–Peppas, Weibull and Log-logistic models exceeded 1.0. In most cases, the Super Case II mechanism was observed. In the case of the Mapossa model, as k2 was ˃> 1, it implies that the outer skin-like membrane covering the polymer strand fully controlled the carvone release. The application of the essential oil-loaded polymer strands resulted in a significant reduction in deterioration, caused by citrus.en_US
dc.description.departmentChemical Engineeringen_US
dc.description.urihttps://www.sciencedirect.com/journal/arabian-journal-of-chemistryen_US
dc.identifier.citationPhala, K., Mapossa, A.B., Augustyn, W. et al. 2023, ‘Development of EVA and LLDPE polymer-based carvone and spearmint essential oil release systems for Citrus Postharvest Diseases applications’, Arabian Journal of Chemistry, vol. 16, no. 2, art. 104458. doi:10.1016/j.arabjc.2022.104458.en_US
dc.identifier.issn1878-5352 (print)
dc.identifier.issn1878-5379 (online)
dc.identifier.other10.1016/j.arabjc.2022.104458
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/2263/93212
dc.language.isoenen_US
dc.publisherElsevieren_US
dc.rights© 2022 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of King Saud University. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).en_US
dc.subjectSpearmint essential oilen_US
dc.subjectCarvoneen_US
dc.subjectRelease rateen_US
dc.subjectAntifungal activityen_US
dc.subjectKumquatsen_US
dc.subjectPolymeren_US
dc.subjectLinear low-density polyethylene (LLDPE)en_US
dc.subjectEthylene–vinyl acetate (EVA)en_US
dc.subjectScanning electron microscopy (SEM)en_US
dc.titleDevelopment of EVA and LLDPE polymer-based carvone and spearmint essential oil release systems for citrus postharvest diseases applicationsen_US
dc.typeArticleen_US

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