Comparative analysis of biological versus chemical synthesis of palladium nanoparticles for catalysis of chromium (VI) reduction
dc.contributor.author | Matsena, Mpumelelo Thomas | |
dc.contributor.author | Chirwa, Evans M.N. | |
dc.date.accessioned | 2022-10-14T09:38:16Z | |
dc.date.available | 2022-10-14T09:38:16Z | |
dc.date.issued | 2021-08-17 | |
dc.description.abstract | The discharge of hexavalent chromium [Cr(VI)] from several anthropogenic activities leads to environmental pollution. In this study, we explore a simple yet cost effective method for the synthesis of palladium (Pd) nanoparticles for the treatment of Cr(VI). The presence of elemental Pd [Pd(0)] was confirmed by scanning electron microscope (SEM), electron dispersive spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction (XRD). We show here that the biologically synthesized nanoparticles (Bio-PdNPs) exhibit improved catalytic reduction of Cr(VI) due to their size being smaller and also being highly dispersed as compared to chemically synthesized nanoparticles (Chem-PdNPs). The Langmuir–Hinshelwood mechanism was successfully used to model the kinetics. Using this model, the Bio-PdNPs were shown to perform better than Chem-PdNPs due to the rate constant (kbio = 6.37 mmol s−1 m−2) and Cr(VI) adsorption constant (KCr(VI),bio = 3.11 × 10−2 L mmol−1) of Bio-PdNPs being higher than the rate constant (kchem = 3.83 mmol s−1 m−2) and Cr(VI) adsorption constant (KCr(VI),chem = 1.14 × 10−2 L mmol−1) of Chem-PdNPs. In addition, product inhibition by trivalent chromium [Cr(III)] was high in Chem-PdNPs as indicated by the high adsorption constant of Cr(III) in Chem-PdNPs of KCr(III),chem = 52.9 L mmol−1 as compared to the one for Bio-PdNPs of KCr(III),bio = 2.76 L mmol−1. | en_US |
dc.description.department | Chemical Engineering | en_US |
dc.description.uri | http://www.nature.com/srep/index.html | en_US |
dc.description.uri | https://www.nature.com/srep | en_US |
dc.identifier.citation | Matsena, M.T., Chirwa, E.M.N. Comparative analysis of biological versus chemical synthesis of palladium nanoparticles for catalysis of chromium (VI) reduction. Scientific Reports 11, 16674 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-96024-0. | en_US |
dc.identifier.issn | 2045-2322 (online) | |
dc.identifier.other | 10.1038/s41598-021-96024-0 | |
dc.identifier.uri | https://repository.up.ac.za/handle/2263/87711 | |
dc.language.iso | en | en_US |
dc.publisher | Nature Research | en_US |
dc.rights | © The Author(s) 2021. Open Access. This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. | en_US |
dc.subject | Palladium nanoparticles | en_US |
dc.subject | Chromium | en_US |
dc.subject | Biological synthesis | en_US |
dc.subject | Chemical synthesis | en_US |
dc.subject | Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) | en_US |
dc.subject | Electron dispersive spectroscopy | en_US |
dc.subject | X-ray diffraction (XRD) | en_US |
dc.subject | Biologically synthesized nanoparticles (Bio-PdNPs) | en_US |
dc.title | Comparative analysis of biological versus chemical synthesis of palladium nanoparticles for catalysis of chromium (VI) reduction | en_US |
dc.type | Article | en_US |