Comparative analysis of biological versus chemical synthesis of palladium nanoparticles for catalysis of chromium (VI) reduction

dc.contributor.authorMatsena, Mpumelelo Thomas
dc.contributor.authorChirwa, Evans M.N.
dc.date.accessioned2022-10-14T09:38:16Z
dc.date.available2022-10-14T09:38:16Z
dc.date.issued2021-08-17
dc.description.abstractThe discharge of hexavalent chromium [Cr(VI)] from several anthropogenic activities leads to environmental pollution. In this study, we explore a simple yet cost effective method for the synthesis of palladium (Pd) nanoparticles for the treatment of Cr(VI). The presence of elemental Pd [Pd(0)] was confirmed by scanning electron microscope (SEM), electron dispersive spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction (XRD). We show here that the biologically synthesized nanoparticles (Bio-PdNPs) exhibit improved catalytic reduction of Cr(VI) due to their size being smaller and also being highly dispersed as compared to chemically synthesized nanoparticles (Chem-PdNPs). The Langmuir–Hinshelwood mechanism was successfully used to model the kinetics. Using this model, the Bio-PdNPs were shown to perform better than Chem-PdNPs due to the rate constant (kbio = 6.37 mmol s−1 m−2) and Cr(VI) adsorption constant (KCr(VI),bio = 3.11 × 10−2 L mmol−1) of Bio-PdNPs being higher than the rate constant (kchem = 3.83 mmol s−1 m−2) and Cr(VI) adsorption constant (KCr(VI),chem = 1.14 × 10−2 L mmol−1) of Chem-PdNPs. In addition, product inhibition by trivalent chromium [Cr(III)] was high in Chem-PdNPs as indicated by the high adsorption constant of Cr(III) in Chem-PdNPs of KCr(III),chem = 52.9 L mmol−1 as compared to the one for Bio-PdNPs of KCr(III),bio = 2.76 L mmol−1.en_US
dc.description.departmentChemical Engineeringen_US
dc.description.urihttp://www.nature.com/srep/index.htmlen_US
dc.description.urihttps://www.nature.com/srepen_US
dc.identifier.citationMatsena, M.T., Chirwa, E.M.N. Comparative analysis of biological versus chemical synthesis of palladium nanoparticles for catalysis of chromium (VI) reduction. Scientific Reports 11, 16674 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-96024-0.en_US
dc.identifier.issn2045-2322 (online)
dc.identifier.other10.1038/s41598-021-96024-0
dc.identifier.urihttps://repository.up.ac.za/handle/2263/87711
dc.language.isoenen_US
dc.publisherNature Researchen_US
dc.rights© The Author(s) 2021. Open Access. This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.en_US
dc.subjectPalladium nanoparticlesen_US
dc.subjectChromiumen_US
dc.subjectBiological synthesisen_US
dc.subjectChemical synthesisen_US
dc.subjectScanning electron microscopy (SEM)en_US
dc.subjectElectron dispersive spectroscopyen_US
dc.subjectX-ray diffraction (XRD)en_US
dc.subjectBiologically synthesized nanoparticles (Bio-PdNPs)en_US
dc.titleComparative analysis of biological versus chemical synthesis of palladium nanoparticles for catalysis of chromium (VI) reductionen_US
dc.typeArticleen_US

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