The prevalence of intra-tumoral and distant thrombi, as well as tumour-cell emboli in canine neoplasia
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Date
Authors
Pazzi, Paolo
Celliers, Anri
Du Plessis, Elizabeth C.
Kristensen, Annemarie T.
Goddard, Amelia
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Wiley
Abstract
Macroscopic thromboembolic disease has been associated with canine neoplasia, whereas prevalence studies of concurrent microthrombi and tumour-cell emboli are lacking. This retrospective study investigated microthrombi and tumour cell emboli by reviewing pathology records of dogs diagnosed with lymphoma, sarcoma, carcinoma and mast cell tumours with a concurrent description of thrombi or emboli. Pathology reports and medical records of cases with either tumour biopsies and/or post mortems with a diagnosis of neoplasia were reviewed for the presence of microthrombi, macrothrombi and/or tumour-cell emboli and the association with tumour type. Of the 28 895 canine cases in the database, 21 252 (73.5%) were antemortem biopsy specimens and 7643 were post mortems (26.5%); 2274 solid tumours were identified, 2107 (92.7%) were antemortem biopsy diagnoses and 167 (7.3%) were post mortem diagnoses. The prevalence of solid tumour types in the database (28 895 cases) was 872 (3.0%) lymphoma, 722 (2.5%) sarcoma, 455 (1.6%) carcinoma and 225 (0.8%) mast cell tumour. The prevalence of microthrombi associated with these tumours was 58/2274 (2.6%). Intra-tumoral microthrombi were reported in 53/2274 (2.3%) cases, the majority in sarcomas (37/53, 69.8%). No macrothrombi were reported. Tumour-cell emboli were identified in 39/2274 (1.7%) cases, 31/39 (79.5%) were extra-tumoral or distant emboli, and carcinoma the most commonly associated tumour (29/39; 74.4%). Microthrombi were reported in 2.6% of cases, the majority in sarcomas and tumour-cell emboli were identified in 1.7% of cases, the majority carcinomas. Prospective investigations are necessary to explore the potential clinical and prognostic implications of microthrombi and tumour-cell emboli in canine neoplasia.
Description
SUPPORTING INFORMATION : Table S1. Therapeutic interventions, previously described to interfere with haemostasis, identified in the case population and the associated tumour.
Keywords
Cancer, Clot, Emboli, Metastasis
Sustainable Development Goals
Citation
Pazzi, P., Celliers, A., Du Plessis, E.C., Kristensen, A.T. & Goddard, A. The prevalence of intra-tumoral
and distant thrombi, as well as tumour-cell emboli in canine
neoplasia. Veterinary and Comparative Oncology 2022;20(1):154-163. https://doi.org/10.1111/vco.12757.