Patellofemoral pain syndrome is associated with chronic disease and allergies in 60 997 distance runner race entrants : SAFER XXX study
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Date
Authors
Marandure, Tsungai Tirivashe
Schwellnus, Martin Peter
Grant, C.C. (Catharina Cornelia)
Jansen van Rensburg, Audrey
Jordaan, Esme
Boer, Pieter Henk
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Lippincott Williams and Wilkins
Abstract
OBJECTIVE : Patellofemoral pain syndrome (PFPS) is a common running-related injury. Independent risk factors associated with PFPS have not been described in a large cohort of distance runners.
DESIGN : Descriptive, cross-sectional study.
SETTING : 21.1 and 56 km Two Oceans Marathon races (2012-2015).
PARTICIPANTS : 60 997 race entrants.
ASSESSMENT OF RISK FACTORS : Participants completed a compulsory prerace medical screening questionnaire (history of PFPS in the past 12 months, n = 362; no injury history, n = 60 635). Selected risk factors associated with a history of PFPS were explored using univariate & multivariate analyses: demographics, training/running variables, history of chronic diseases (composite chronic disease score), and any allergy.
MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES : Prevalence ratios (PRs, 95% confidence intervals).
RESULTS : Risk factors associated with PFPS (univariate analysis) were increased years of recreational running (PR = 1.09; P = 0.0107), older age (>50 years), and chronic diseases (PR > 2): gastrointestinal disease (PR = 5.06; P < 0.0001), cardiovascular disease (CVD) (PR = 3.28; P < 0.0001), nervous system/psychiatric disease (PR = 3.04; P < 0.0001), cancer (PR = 2.83; P = 0.0005), risk factors for CVD (PR = 2.42; P < 0.0001), symptoms of CVD (PR = 2.38; P = 0.0397), and respiratory disease (PR = 2.00; P < 0.0001). Independent risk factors (multivariate analysis) associated with PFPS (adjusted for age, sex, and race distance) were a higher chronic disease composite score (PR = 2.68 increased risk for every 2 additional chronic diseases; P < 0.0001) and a history of allergies (PR = 2.33; P < 0.0001).
CONCLUSIONS : Novel independent risk factors associated with PFPS in distance runners are a history of multiple chronic diseases and a history of allergies. Identification of chronic diseases and allergies should be considered as part of the clinical assessment of a runner presenting with a history of PFPS.
Description
Keywords
Patellofemoral pain syndrome (PFPS), Patellofemoral pain, Endurance running, Risk factors, Chronic disease, Ultramarathon, Gradual onset running injury, SDG-03: Good health and well-being
Sustainable Development Goals
SDG-03:Good heatlh and well-being
Citation
Marandure, T.T., Schwellnus, M.P., Grant, C., Jansen van Rensburg, A., Jordaan, E. & Boer, P. Patellofemoral pain syndrome is associated with chronic disease and allergies in 60 997 distance runner race entrants: SAFER XXX study', Clinical Journal of Sport Medicine, vol. 33, no. 6, pp. 603-610, doi : 10.1097/JSM.0000000000001166.