Abstract:
Tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV) causes tick-borne encephalitis (TBE), affecting human health in Europe and
Asia. Reports on canine clinical cases of TBE are rare, although dogs are used as sentinels for assessing human
health risks. The first canine clinical TBE case in Greece is reported in this case report. The dog had a history of
tick infestation and displayed neurological symptoms, particularly tetraparesis, neck hyperalgesia, and a sudden
behavior change. Serum samples were obtained and examined in a commercial ELISA to detect anti-TBEV
specific IgG and IgM antibodies. The dog tested seropositive for both IgG and IgM, and based on its history
and compatible clinical signs, the diagnosis of TBE infection was reached. The prognosis was initially poor, and
treatment included the administration of fluids, corticosteroids, and antibiotics, followed by physical therapy.
After a 10-day hospitalization, the dog had a much better prognosis. This case highlights that TBEV does emerge
in new locations, increasing human and animal infection risk. Veterinarians should include TBE in their differential
diagnosis of canine patients with a history of tick infestations, progressive neurological symptoms, and
abnormal behavior.
