A systematic review of the theory, design and analysis of longitudinal research on participation in education related activities for children and youth with disabilities

Abstract

Most research done on children and youth with disabilities are cross-sectional designs. Good, quality longitudinal research designs in terms of theoretical, methodological and analytical considerations are recommended for this population as it will examine the change outcome regarding the ICF domains, specifically the participation trajectories in education-related activities. A three-pronged approach (including an online hand search of the Augmentative and Alternative Journal) was used to search for studies that met the inclusion criteria. Studies yielded from online databases were screened at the title and abstract level (IRR = 92%) and full text level (IRR = 85%) by two independent reviewers in COVIDENCE. Included studies were extracted in EXCEL using a data extraction form specifically made for the purpose of the study. A total of 10 studies met the inclusion criteria. The studies were described in terms of participants’ characteristics, change outcomes of interest, and longitudinal research considerations. None had all recommended longitudinal considerations. No studies meeting the inclusion criteria were found in the Augmentative and Alternative Journal. Participation trajectories are highlighted in terms of capability, performance and attendance. Trends and gaps in the literature are highlighted. Longitudinal participation research of children and youth with disabilities in education-related activities needs to increase and improve in standard to meet state of the art criteria for this method of research. Quality longitudinal research for children and youth who use AAC in education-related activities is also needed.