Bear, bull, sidewalk, and crash : the evolution of the US stock market using over a century of daily data

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dc.contributor.author Wang, Shixuan
dc.contributor.author Gupta, Rangan
dc.contributor.author Zhang, Yue-Jun
dc.date.accessioned 2021-04-13T06:17:26Z
dc.date.issued 2021-11
dc.description.abstract In this paper, we employ a four-state hidden semi-Markov model, which outperforms a hidden Markov model, to identify market conditions of the US stock market over the daily period from 16th of February, 1885 to 4th of June, 2020. Our results indicate that the four hidden states represent bear-, bull-, sidewalk-, and crash-markets, which in turn appropriately capture the various major historical events during the period of study. en_ZA
dc.description.department Economics en_ZA
dc.description.embargo 2023-03-01
dc.description.librarian hj2021 en_ZA
dc.description.sponsorship National Natural Science Foundation of China, Major Program of the National Fund of Philosophy and Social Science of China and Science and Technology Innovation Program of Hunan Province. en_ZA
dc.description.uri https://www.elsevier.com/locate/frl en_ZA
dc.identifier.citation Wang, S., Gupta, R. & Zhang, Y.-J. 2021, 'Bear, bull, sidewalk, and crash: the evolution of the US stock market using over a century of daily data', Finance Research Letters, vol. 43, art. 101998, pp. 1-6. en_ZA
dc.identifier.issn 1544-6123 (print)
dc.identifier.issn 1544-6131 (online)
dc.identifier.other 10.1016/j.frl.2021.101998
dc.identifier.uri http://hdl.handle.net/2263/79402
dc.language.iso en en_ZA
dc.publisher Elsevier en_ZA
dc.rights © 2020 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. Notice : this is the author’s version of a work that was accepted for publication in Finance Research Letters. Changes resulting from the publishing process, such as peer review, editing, corrections, structural formatting, and other quality control mechanisms may not be reflected in this document. A definitive version was subsequently published in Finance Research Letters, vol. 43, art. 101998, pp. 1-6, 2021. doi : 10.1016/j.frl.2021.101998. en_ZA
dc.subject Dow Jones industrial average (DJIA) en_ZA
dc.subject Hidden (semi-)Markov models en_ZA
dc.subject Stock returns en_ZA
dc.subject Market conditions en_ZA
dc.title Bear, bull, sidewalk, and crash : the evolution of the US stock market using over a century of daily data en_ZA
dc.type Postprint Article en_ZA


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