Family processes and coping strategies of families of adolescents diagnosed with epilepsy

Abstract

Families with an adolescent diagnosed with epilepsy employ strategies to cope with the diagnosis. Critical realism, family systems theory and a mixed methods research design were utilized to acquire an enhanced understanding of the processes and experiences of these families. The McMaster and Circumplex models of family functioning were also applied. Through a process of informal discussions with neurologists and a review of the literature, aspects of family relational support were identified as an under researched topic. The purpose of this study was to explore family processes and coping strategies. Accordingly, family process profiles, in particular, family satisfaction, functioning and hardiness, as reported by patients and family members, were assessed by means of biographical information and standardized measuring instruments. Furthermore, interviews were conducted and Graphic Family Sculpting administered to explore the experiences of these families. The sample comprised 15 families of adolescents with epilepsy. Quantitative results revealed that male patients coped better than female patients and younger patients had lower adaptability skills and family satisfaction than the older cohort. The patients generally functioned better than their families. Qualitative results showed that epilepsy affects both family members and patients; furthermore, they have a need for support in family relational aspects and knowledge about epilepsy. The mixed methods results revealed that the quantitative and qualitative data complemented each other and created a sense of convergence. Support for these patients, families, meaningful others and treating medical specialists, may assist South African adolescents and their families to function optimally and cope better with their diagnosis.