The potential of LPS-binding protein to reverse amyloid formation in plasma fibrin of individuals with Alzheimer-type dementia
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Date
Authors
Pretorius, Etheresia
Bester, Janette
Page, Martin J.
Kell, Douglas B.
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Frontiers Media
Abstract
Many studies indicate that there is a (mainly dormant) microbial component in the
progressive development of Alzheimer-type dementias (ADs); and that in the case
of Gram-negative organisms, a chief culprit might be the shedding of the highly
inflammagenic lipopolysaccharide (LPS) from their cell walls. We have recently shown
that a highly sensitive assay for the presence of free LPS [added to platelet poor plasma
(PPP)] lies in its ability (in healthy individuals) to induce blood to clot into an amyloid
form. This may be observed in a SEM or in a confocal microscope when suitable
amyloid stains (such as thioflavin T) are added. This process could be inhibited by human
lipopolysaccharide-binding protein (LBP). In the current paper, we show using scanning
electron microscopy and confocal microscopy with amyloid markers, that PPP taken
from individuals with AD exhibits considerable amyloid structure when clotting is initiated
with thrombin but without added LPS. Furthermore, we could show that this amyloid
structure may be reversed by the addition of very small amounts of LBP. This provides
further evidence for a role of microbes and their inflammagenic cell wall products and
that these products may be involved in pathological clotting in individuals with AD.
Description
This is paper 16 in the series “a dormant blood microbiome in
chronic, inflammatory diseases.”
Keywords
Amyloid, Clotting, Dormancy, Infection, Microbes, Blood-brain barrier, Microbiome, Thioflavin-T binding, Iron, Progression, Bound dye, Cell death, Molecular mechanism, Periodontal infections, Inflammatory diseases, Alzheimer-type dementia (AD), Inflammagenic lipopolysaccharide (LPS), Lipopolysaccharide-binding protein (LBP)
Sustainable Development Goals
Citation
Pretorius E, Bester J, Page MJ and
Kell DB (2018) The Potential
of LPS-Binding Protein to Reverse
Amyloid Formation in Plasma Fibrin
of Individuals With Alzheimer-Type
Dementia.
Front. Aging Neurosci. 10:257.
DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2018.00257.