Abstract:
This study assessed the population structure of baobabs (Adansonia digitata) in Kunene,
Omusati, Otjozondjupa and Zambezi Regions in northern Namibia. Data were collected
from 240 trees in randomly selected baobab clusters. The stem girth at breast height (gbh,
converted to stem diameter), height and crown diameter were recorded for each individual
tree. Any sign of damage on the stem was recorded. Average stem densities were
determined and compared between regions. Stem number per diameter classes were
presented in histograms. The highest baobab density (6.7 stems per ha) was observed in
Omusati Region and the lowest (0.2 stems per ha) was observed in Otjozondjupa Region. A
J-shaped stem diameter distribution was observed in Zambezi Region and an inverse Jshaped
distribution in Kunene Region. Bell-shaped distributions were observed in Otjozondjupa
and Omusati Regions. The percentage of damaged stems in the sampled populations
showed more damaged than undamaged baobabs in Kunene (63%), Omusati (83%)
and Otjozondjupa (95%), but in Zambezi there were fewer damaged (46%) stems. Elephant
damage accounted for 41% of the damaged stems whereas human damage was 59%. Selective
protection of large baobabs by communities may attribute to the high densities and
occurrence of trees in larger size classes in comparison to juveniles. Overall, the baobab
population is currently considered as stable in Namibia. However, factors that negatively
affect recruitment and establishment of baobab need to be monitored to ensure that a
higher proportion of young trees survive. The study recommends protection and propagation
of baobab seedlings in order to maintain viable populations of the species. Sustainable
harvesting practices of baobab bark is also recommended.
