Abstract:
CONTEXT : Hyperprolactinemia-induced hypogonadotropic amenorrhea (hPRL-HA) is a major
cause of hypothalamic gonadotrophin-releasing hormone (GnRH) deficiency in women. In
hyperprolactinemic mice, we previously demonstrated that hypothalamic kisspeptin (Kp) expression
was diminished and that Kp administration restored hypothalamic GnRH release, gonadotropin
secretion, and ovarian cyclicity, suggesting that Kp neurons could also play a role in
hPRL-HA.
OBJECTIVE : To study the effect of Kp-10 on the gonadotropic-ovarian axis in women with hPRL-HA.
PATIENTS : Two women (32 and 36 years old) with chronic hPRL-HA (prolactin: between 94 and 102 and
98 and 112 ng/mL, respectively) caused by cabergoline-resistant microprolactinomas.
INTERVENTIONS : Cabergoline was discontinued 6 months before inclusion. Blood samples were taken
every 10 minutes for 12 hours during 2 consecutive days to evaluate luteinizing hormone (LH) and
follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) secretion. Serum estradiol (E2), testosterone (T), and inhibin B (IB)
levels were also measured. Vehicle or Kp-10 (1.5 mg/kg/h) was infused intravenously for 12 hours.
RESULTS : Kp-10 induced a significant increase in LH and FSH levels and increased LH pulses. E2, T, and
IB serum levels were also significantly increased.
CONCLUSIONS : In this exploratory study, we demonstrated that administration of Kp-10 reactivated
gonadotropin secretion in women with hPRL-HA and increased ovarian activity. Our data suggest that,
as in rodents, GnRH deficiency in hPRL-HA is also mediated by an impairment of hypothalamic Kp
secretion. Kp-10 or its analogues could have therapeutic application as an alternative approach to
restore ovarian function and fertility in women with hPRL-HA resistant to dopamine agonists and in
whom pituitary surgery is not possible.
