dc.contributor.author |
Anderson, Ronald
|
|
dc.contributor.author |
Nel, Jan Gert
|
|
dc.contributor.author |
Feldman, Charles
|
|
dc.date.accessioned |
2018-06-01T09:36:50Z |
|
dc.date.available |
2018-06-01T09:36:50Z |
|
dc.date.issued |
2018-04-11 |
|
dc.description.abstract |
Pneumolysin (PLY), a member of the family of Gram-positive bacterial,
cholesterol-dependent, -barrel pore-forming cytolysins, is the major protein virulence factor of the
dangerous respiratory pathogen, Streptococcus pneumoniae (pneumococcus). PLY plays a major role in
the pathogenesis of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP), promoting colonization and invasion of
the upper and lower respiratory tracts respectively, as well as extra-pulmonary dissemination of
the pneumococcus. Notwithstanding its role in causing acute lung injury in severe CAP, PLY has
also been implicated in the development of potentially fatal acute and delayed-onset cardiovascular
events, which are now recognized as being fairly common complications of this condition. This
review is focused firstly on updating mechanisms involved in the immunopathogenesis of
PLY-mediated myocardial damage, specifically the direct cardiotoxic and immunosuppressive
activities, as well as the indirect pro-inflammatory/pro-thrombotic activities of the toxin. Secondly,
on PLY-targeted therapeutic strategies including, among others, macrolide antibiotics, natural
product antagonists, cholesterol-containing liposomes, and fully humanized monoclonal antibodies,
as well as on vaccine-based preventive strategies. These sections are preceded by overviews of CAP
in general, the role of the pneumococcus as the causative pathogen, the occurrence and types of
CAP-associated cardiac complication, and the structure and biological activities of PLY. |
en_ZA |
dc.description.department |
Haematology |
en_ZA |
dc.description.department |
Immunology |
en_ZA |
dc.description.librarian |
am2018 |
en_ZA |
dc.description.sponsorship |
Charles Feldman is supported by the National Research Foundation of South Africa. |
en_ZA |
dc.description.uri |
http://www.mdpi.com/journal/ijms |
en_ZA |
dc.identifier.citation |
Anderson, R., Nel, J.G. & Feldman, C. 2018, 'Multifaceted role of pneumolysin in the pathogenesis of myocardial injury in community-acquired pneumonia', International Journal of Molecular Sciences, vol. 19, no. 4, art. no. 1147, pp. 1-22. |
en_ZA |
dc.identifier.issn |
1422-0067 (online) |
|
dc.identifier.other |
10.3390/ijms19041147 |
|
dc.identifier.uri |
http://hdl.handle.net/2263/65071 |
|
dc.language.iso |
en |
en_ZA |
dc.publisher |
MDPI Publishing |
en_ZA |
dc.rights |
© 2018 by the authors; licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
en_ZA |
dc.subject |
Cardiovascular events |
en_ZA |
dc.subject |
Cholesterol-dependent cytolysins |
en_ZA |
dc.subject |
Liposomes |
en_ZA |
dc.subject |
Macrolide antibiotics |
en_ZA |
dc.subject |
Neutrophils |
en_ZA |
dc.subject |
Neutrophil extracellular traps |
en_ZA |
dc.subject |
Platelets |
en_ZA |
dc.subject |
Pneumolysin antagonists |
en_ZA |
dc.subject |
Vaccines |
en_ZA |
dc.subject |
Pneumolysin (PLY) |
en_ZA |
dc.subject |
Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) |
en_ZA |
dc.title |
Multifaceted role of pneumolysin in the pathogenesis of myocardial injury in community-acquired pneumonia |
en_ZA |
dc.type |
Article |
en_ZA |