Anti-bacterial, free radical scavenging activity and cytotoxicity of acetone extracts of Grewia flava

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Authors

Lamola, Stella Makgabo
Dzoyem, Jean Paul
Botha, Francien Susanna
Van Wyk, Candice

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Kampala, Uganda : Faculty of Medicine, Makerere University

Abstract

BACKGROUND : Bacterial infections of the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) cause vomiting, diarrhoea and even systemic disease. There is a need for the development of natural products into alternative and safer medicines. OBJECTIVES : This study evaluated the anti-microbial activity of extracts prepared from berries, leaves,bark and roots of the edible plant Grewia flava. METHODS : The anti-bacterial activity was evaluated by the broth microdilution method. Anti-oxidant activity of the most active extracts was performed by 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay. The cytotoxicity of the extracts was determined using the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. RESULTS : The acetone extracts of the leaves and roots showed the best activity with MIC values as low as 0.03 mg/mL against Staphylococcus aureus and Salmonella typhimurium and 0.07 mg/mL against Bacillus cereus, Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. Quantitative analysis of the scavenging ability showed that acetone extracts exhibited good free radical scavenging activity in a dose-dependent manner. The berries extract had the highest LC50 (lowest toxicity) of 551.68 68 μg/mL. CONCLUSION : Acetone extract of leaves and roots of Grewia flava contain anti-microbial and anti-oxidant compounds and could therefore be used as a natural product with little toxicity to host cells.

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Keywords

Extracts, Anti-microbial, Cytotoxicity, Enteric pathogens, Grewia flava, Medicinal plants, Asiatica L., Combretaceae, Gastrointestinal tract (GIT)

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Citation

Lamola SM, Dzoyem JP, Botha F, Wyk Cv. Antibacterial, free radical scavenging activity and cytotoxicity of acetone extracts of Grewiaflava. Afri Health Sci. 2017;17(3): 790-796. https://dx.DOI.org/ 10.4314/ahs.v17i3.22.