Revisiting the etiological aspects of dissociative identity disorder : a biopsychosocial perspective

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dc.contributor.author Sar, Vedat
dc.contributor.author Dorahy, Martin J.
dc.contributor.author Kruger, Christa
dc.date.accessioned 2017-10-17T11:57:09Z
dc.date.available 2017-10-17T11:57:09Z
dc.date.issued 2017-05
dc.description.abstract Dissociative identity disorder (DID) is a chronic post-traumatic disorder where developmentally stressful events in childhood, including abuse, emotional neglect, disturbed attachment, and boundary violations are central and typical etiological factors. Familial, societal, and cultural factors may give rise to the trauma and/or they may influence the expression of DID. Memory and the construction of self-identity are cognitive processes that appear markedly and centrally disrupted in DID and are related to its etiology. Enduring decoupling of psychological modes may create separate senses of self, and metamemory processes may be involved in interidentity amnesia. Neurobiological differences have been demonstrated between dissociative identities within patients with DID and between patients with DID and controls. Given the current evidence, DID as a diagnostic entity cannot be explained as a phenomenon created by iatrogenic influences, suggestibility, malingering, or social role-taking. On the contrary, DID is an empirically robust chronic psychiatric disorder based on neurobiological, cognitive, and interpersonal non-integration as a response to unbearable stress. While current evidence is sufficient to firmly establish this etiological stance, given the wide opportunities for innovative research, the disorder is still understudied. Comparison of well-selected samples of DID patients with non-dissociative subjects who have other psychiatric disorders would further delineate the neurobiological and cognitive features of the disorder, whereas genetic research on DID would further illuminate the interaction of the individual with environmental stress. As such, DID may be seen as an exemplary disease model of the biopsychosocial paradigm in psychiatry. en_ZA
dc.description.department Psychiatry en_ZA
dc.description.librarian hj2017 en_ZA
dc.description.uri https://www.dovepress.com/psychology-research-and-behavior-management-journal en_ZA
dc.identifier.citation Sar, V., Dorahy, M.J. & Kruger, C. 2017, 'Revisiting the etiological aspects of dissociative identity disorder : a biopsychosocial perspective', Psychology Research and Behavior Management, vol. 10, pp. 137-146. en_ZA
dc.identifier.issn 1179-1578 (online)
dc.identifier.other 10.2147/PRBM.S113743
dc.identifier.uri http://hdl.handle.net/2263/62816
dc.language.iso en en_ZA
dc.publisher Dove Medical Press en_ZA
dc.rights © 2017 Şar et al. This work is published and licensed by Dove Medical Press Limited. This is a Open Access Full Text Article. en_ZA
dc.subject Dissociation en_ZA
dc.subject Childhood trauma en_ZA
dc.subject Neurobiology en_ZA
dc.subject Family dysfunction en_ZA
dc.subject Social factors en_ZA
dc.subject Cultural factors en_ZA
dc.subject Dissociative identity disorder (DID) en_ZA
dc.title Revisiting the etiological aspects of dissociative identity disorder : a biopsychosocial perspective en_ZA
dc.type Article en_ZA


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