A novel integrated energy system of solar power, heat pumps and ai-ev (air-conditioner electric vehicle)

Abstract

In order to reduce CO2 emissions economically, it is important to construct a Smart Community which is expected to be one of the solutions. In a Smart Community, energy supply and demand will be managed by some mathematical models to consume energy efficiently and increase the introducing of renewable energy. In one of the systems, "Photovoltaic power generator (hereinafter referred to as PV) combined Electric Vehicle (hereinafter referred to as EV) Smart System" has been developed.[1] In the “PV combined EV Smart System”, PV power is charged directly to the EV battery, and then the charged PV power is consumed by running and air-conditioning energy of a car and the surplus electricity is supplied to a home. This system is able to reduce CO2 emissions economically. In order to expand the system, it is necessary to spread EV and clarify the effects. At first, it should solve the issues of short cruising distance, the high cost of storage battery and the risk of dead battery. Therefore, the authors have proposed an advanced EV such as AI-EV (Air-conditioner Integrated Electric Vehicle).[2] AI-EV has a novel hybrid system which drives the airconditioning system and generates electric power in the case of a low air-conditioning load through the use of a small-engine. If PV power can not only reduce car fuels but also replace with gas and liquid fuels which are consumed at a home, huge effect of CO2 reduction is obtained as the whole of the system. In this paper, a novel energy system which is combined and integrated with solar power, AI-EV and home heat pumps has been proposed. Heat pumps are car air-conditioner and CO2 heat pump water heater for home use. A mathematical simulation model which is integrated with AI-EV model, CO2 heat pump model and HEX model based on some experiments has been developed to evaluate a smart community which is constructed at an office and a home. And then, CO2 emissions and economic efficiency are calculated and compared with those of the conventional system. As the result, the novel energy system is able to reduce more than 40% of CO2 emissions in comparison with the conventional system as the whole system, and the system can reduce more than 65% of CO2 emissions in comparison with the conventional home. The economic efficiency is evaluated by more than 5.0% of Internal Rate of Return without some subsidies when the legal service life of the depreciation equipment is assumed 14 years. Therefore, the novel energy system can be widely spread in the future. Additionally, it is clarified that the integrated smart system can reduce the fluctuations which are caused by the PV power generation.