dc.contributor.author |
Cohen, Cheryl
|
|
dc.contributor.author |
Moyes, Jocelyn
|
|
dc.contributor.author |
Tempia, Stefano
|
|
dc.contributor.author |
Groome, Michelle
|
|
dc.contributor.author |
Walaza, Sibongile
|
|
dc.contributor.author |
Pretorius, Marthi Andréa
|
|
dc.contributor.author |
Naby, Fathima
|
|
dc.contributor.author |
Mekgoe, Omphile
|
|
dc.contributor.author |
Kahn, Kathleen
|
|
dc.contributor.author |
Von Gottberg, Anne
|
|
dc.contributor.author |
Wolter, Nicole
|
|
dc.contributor.author |
Cohen, Adam L.
|
|
dc.contributor.author |
Von Mollendorf, Claire
|
|
dc.contributor.author |
Venter, Marietjie
|
|
dc.contributor.author |
Madhi, Shabir A.
|
|
dc.date.accessioned |
2017-06-22T05:55:34Z |
|
dc.date.available |
2017-06-22T05:55:34Z |
|
dc.date.issued |
2016-04 |
|
dc.description.abstract |
BACKGROUND : Increased morbidity and mortality from lower respiratory tract infection (LRTI) abstract
has been suggested in HIV-exposed uninfected (HEU) children; however, the contribution of
respiratory viruses is unclear. We studied the epidemiology of LRTI hospitalization in HIVunexposed
uninfected (HUU) and HEU infants aged <6 months in South Africa.
METHODS : We prospectively enrolled hospitalized infants with LRTI from 4 provinces from
2010 to 2013. Using polymerase chain reaction, nasopharyngeal aspirates were tested for
10 viruses and blood for pneumococcal DNA. Incidence for 2010–2011 was estimated at 1
site with population denominators.
RESULTS : We enrolled 3537 children aged <6 months. HIV infection and exposure status were
determined for 2507 (71%), of whom 211 (8%) were HIV infected, 850 (34%) were HEU,
and 1446 (58%) were HUU. The annual incidence of LRTI was elevated in HEU (incidence
rate ratio [IRR] 1.4; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.3–1.5) and HIV infected (IRR 3.8; 95%
CI 3.3–4.5), compared with HUU infants. Relative incidence estimates were greater in
HEU than HUU, for respiratory syncytial virus (RSV; IRR 1.4; 95% CI 1.3–1.6) and human
metapneumovirus–associated (IRR 1.4; 95% CI 1.1–2.0) LRTI, with a similar trend observed
for influenza (IRR 1.2; 95% CI 0.8–1.8). HEU infants overall, and those with RSV-associated
LRTI had greater odds (odds ratio 2.1, 95% CI 1.1–3.8, and 12.2, 95% CI 1.7–infinity,
respectively) of death than HUU.
CONCLUSIONS : HEU infants were more likely to be hospitalized and to die in-hospital than HUU,
including specifically due to RSV. This group should be considered a high-risk group for
LRTI. |
en_ZA |
dc.description.department |
Medical Virology |
en_ZA |
dc.description.librarian |
am2017 |
en_ZA |
dc.description.uri |
http://pediatrics.aappublications.org |
en_ZA |
dc.identifier.citation |
Cohen, C., Moyes, J., Tempia, S., Groome, M., Walaza, S., Pretorius, M., Naby, F., Mekgoe, O., Kahn, K., Von Gottberg, A., Wolter, N., Cohen, A.L., Von Mollendorf, C., Venter, M. & Madhi, S.A. Epidemiology of Acute Lower
Respiratory Tract Infection in HIV-Exposed Uninfected Infants. Pediatrics.
2016;137(4):e20153272. |
en_ZA |
dc.identifier.issn |
0031-4005 (print) |
|
dc.identifier.issn |
1098-4275 (online) |
|
dc.identifier.other |
10.1542/peds.2015-3272 |
|
dc.identifier.uri |
http://hdl.handle.net/2263/61061 |
|
dc.language.iso |
en |
en_ZA |
dc.publisher |
American Academy of Pediatrics |
en_ZA |
dc.rights |
American Academy of Pediatrics |
en_ZA |
dc.subject |
Infants |
en_ZA |
dc.subject |
Infection |
en_ZA |
dc.subject |
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) |
en_ZA |
dc.subject |
HIV-exposed uninfected (HEU) |
en_ZA |
dc.subject |
Lower respiratory tract infection (LRTI) |
en_ZA |
dc.subject |
South Africa (SA) |
en_ZA |
dc.title |
Epidemiology of acute lower respiratory tract infection in HIV exposed uninfected infants |
en_ZA |
dc.type |
Article |
en_ZA |