Novel in situ evaluation of the role minerals play in the development of the hard-to-cook (HTC) defect of cowpeas and its effect on the in vitro mineral bioaccessibility
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Date
Authors
Kruger, Johanita
Minnis-Ndimba, Roya
Mtshali, C.
Minnaar, Amanda
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Elsevier
Abstract
Cowpea is a nutritionally important drought-resistant legume in sub-Saharan Africa. It is, however,
underutilised, in part due to the hard-to-cook (HTC) defect caused by adverse storage conditions resulting
in seeds not softening during cooking. This study introduced a novel evaluation of the potential role that
minerals play in the development of the HTC defect. The mineral distribution in the cotyledons of normal
and HTC cowpeas were analysed by Proton Induced X-ray Emission (PIXE) spectrometry. The phytate,
tannin and total phenolic contents were analysed together with in vitro mineral bioaccessibility. In
HTC cowpeas, Ca and Mg were more concentrated in the cell wall-middle lamella area of the parenchyma
cells. This, together with the reduction in phytate content, confirmed the ‘phytase–phytate–mineral’
hypothesis as a mechanism for development of the HTC defect. Despite the phytate reduction in stored
cowpeas, the HTC defect decreased the bioaccessibility of Ca, Fe and Zn in cowpeas.
Description
Keywords
Cowpea, Spectrometry, In situ, Calcium, Magnesium, Iron, Zinc, Phosphorus, Phytate, Mineral bioaccessibility, Hard-to-cook (HTC), Proton Induced X-ray Emission (PIXE)
Sustainable Development Goals
Citation
Kruger, J, Minnis-Ndimba, R, Mtshali, C & Minnaar, A 2015, 'Novel in situ evaluation of the role minerals play in the development of the hard-to-cook (HTC) defect of cowpeas and its effect on the in vitro mineral bioaccessibility', Food Chemistry, vol. 174, pp. 365-371.