Cone calorimeter study of polyethylene flame retarded with expandable graphite and intumescent fire-retardant additives
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Date
Authors
Kruger, Hermanus Joachim
Focke, Walter Wilhelm
Mhike, Washington
Taute, A.T. (Albertus)
Roberson, Albert
Ofosu, Osei
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Sage
Abstract
Polyethylene was flame retarded with two intumescent-type additives, 3,5-diaminobenzoic acid phosphate and ethylenediamine phosphate, which differ with respect to their decomposition onset temperatures, along with varying ratios of two grades of expandable graphite, also differing with respect to their onset temperatures for exfoliation. Hot-pressed sheet specimens were subjected to evaluation in a cone calorimeter. Although the best char yields were obtained with formulations containing the higher decomposition temperature intumescent, 3,5-diaminobenzoic acid phosphate, the overall best performance was realized using the lower decomposition temperature intumescent, ethylenediamine phosphate, when compounded together with the low exfoliation temperature expandable graphite. These results are attributed to the formation, at the burning surface, of a more cohesive char with better thermal and mass transfer barrier properties.
Description
Keywords
Expandable graphite, Exfoliation, Iintumescent flame retardant, Thermal analysis, Cone calorimeter
Sustainable Development Goals
Citation
Kruger, HJ, Focke, WW, Mhike, W, Taute, A, Roberson, A & Ofosu, O 2014, 'Cone calorimeter study of polyethylene flame retarded with expandable graphite and intumescent fire-retardant additives', Journal of Fire Sciences, vol. 32, no. 6, pp. 498-517.