The nature of creativity in occupational therapy

Abstract

This dissertation was the first in the field of Occupational Therapy to sub-classify and define Creativity under the headings Creative Ability, Creative Response, Creative Act and Creative Capacity, and the first to identify maximal response to challenge as the means by which Creative Growth occurs in therapy. Occupational Therapists have traditionally used the word 'Creativity' to describe a treatment medium. We seek to nurture the Creativity inherent in each individual allowing our clients to reach their full potential. While based on the philosophies of Existentialism and Phenomenology the study nevertheless suggests a psycho-analytical role utilizing Maslows Hierarchy of Needs. In defining the Philosophical-psychological, Physical, Social and Psychical Nature of Creativity the writings of early theorists including Martin Buber and H.J.V. du Toit are referenced. The 4 stages of the Creative Process (Wallas) are related to the key concepts of Awareness, Commitment and Intentionality. The final stage is presented dialectically as Verification of Existence, Meaning and Significance providing Occupational Therapists with therapeutic principles relating to values. An examination of Conformity and Creative Response presents guidelines for the grading of Human Occupations. Socially Valid and Existential Norms are defined and principles for applications are proposed. Suggestions for further work in Occupational Therapy are put forward.