Applied linguists should strive to ensure that the tests they design and use are not only fair and socially acceptable, but also have positive effects – this, in light of the fact that tests can sometimes have far-reaching ...

The reigning orthodoxy in writing centres has been to avoid directive approaches and embrace non-directive approaches to tutoring. Although since the late 1990s various writing centre scholars have debunked this myth, ...

The value of peer-tutoring has been highlighted in a number of studies. But often the value of such support is lost on, especially, first year students, who perceive such support as an indication that they may be 'lacking' ...

Unfair tests, unfair testing methods and the use of tests to restrict and deny access have ensured a negative attitude to tests. The move in the recent past (Shohamy 2001, 2008; Fulcher & Davidson 2007; McNamara & ...