Abstract:
Ecological studies naturally result in correlated data. Ignoring these correlations can result in
biased estimation of ecological effects jeopardizing the integrity of the scientific inference.
Mixed effects models are likely to appeal to ecologists for handling correlated data (e.g.
Sileshi, 2008), however careful consideration must be given to the interpretation of the
parameter estimates from generalized linear mixed effects models with non-identity link
functions. The objective of this study was to compare the generalized estimating equations
(GEE) under different correlation structures and suggest appropriate models to describe the
relationship between soil animal counts and covariates. The GEE with independence,
exchangeable and AR1 correlation structures were compared using count data set of ants from
soils under the agroforestry systems in eastern Zambia. The GEE model with AR1 correlation
structure gave a better description of the data than did the independence and exchangeable
correlation structures.
