Abstract:
This review article discusses various techniques of
environmental monitoring (EM) systems and what is required for
the variations in hardware implementation and/or algorithmic
logic. This review presents an overview of the existing stateof-
the-art practices of environmental monitoring systems and
is mainly focused on energy-efficient and low-cost environment
monitoring systems. The following are some of the major factors
that usually rule the development of EM systems, namely, energy
efficiency, cost of the overall system, response time of the sensor
module, good accuracy of the system, adequate signal-to-noise
ratio, radio frequency interference/electromagnetic interference
(RFI/EMI) rejection during varying atmospheric conditions and
in inhomogeneous environments, a user friendly interface with
the computer, and complexity of computation. The above concerns
are also recognized by reference to research articles on
environmental monitoring systems. Emphasis is on the necessity
of robust systems that address all or most of the above mentioned
criteria.