The Hartebeesthoek Radio Astronomy Observatory (HartRAO) of South Africa is developing a Lunar Laser Ranging (LLR) system to achieve sub-centimetre range precision to the Moon. Key to this high precision expectation, ...

In the Very Long Baseline Interferometry (VLBI) space geodetic technique, various stationspecific error sources corrupt the observable VLBI delay. An antenna axis offset (AO) model is applied in the VLBI data analysis ...

The lunar laser ranging (LLR) technique is based on the two-way time-of-flight of laser pulses from an earth station to the retroreflectors that are located on the surface of the moon. We discuss the ranging technique and ...