dc.contributor.author |
Cassol, Edana
|
|
dc.contributor.author |
Malfeld, Susan
|
|
dc.contributor.author |
Mahasha, Phetole
|
|
dc.contributor.author |
Van der Merwe, Schalk Willem
|
|
dc.contributor.author |
Cassol, Sharon
|
|
dc.contributor.author |
Seebregts, Christopher J.
|
|
dc.contributor.author |
Alfano, Massimo
|
|
dc.contributor.author |
Poli, Guido
|
|
dc.contributor.author |
Rossouw, Theresa M.
|
|
dc.date.accessioned |
2011-02-03T13:20:46Z |
|
dc.date.available |
2011-02-03T13:20:46Z |
|
dc.date.issued |
2010-07 |
|
dc.description.abstract |
BACKROUND: Microbial translocation contributes to immune activation and disease progression during chronic
human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection. However, its role in the African AIDS epidemic remains
controversial. Here, we investigated the relationship between markers of monocyte activation, plasma lipopolysaccharide
(LPS), and HIV-1 RNA in South Africans prioritized to receive combination antiretroviral therapy
(cART).
METHODS: Ten HIV-1–negative African controls and 80 HIV-1–infected patients with CD4 T cell counts !200
cells/mL were sampled prior to ( ) or np60 during (np20) receipt of effective cART. Viral load was measured
by Nuclisens; LPS by the Limulus amoebocyte lysate assay; monocyte and T cell subsets by flow cytometry; and
soluble CD14, cytokines, and chemokines by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and customized Bio-Plex plates.
RESULTS: Three distinct sets of markers were identified. CCL2, CXCL10, and CD14+CD16+ monocyte levels
were positively correlated with HIV-1 viremia. This finding, together with cART-induced normalization of these
markers, suggests that their upregulation was driven by HIV-1. Plasma interleukin-6 was associated with the
presence of opportunistic coinfections. Soluble CD14 and tumor necrosis factor were linked to plasma LPS levels
and, as observed for LPS, remained elevated in patients receiving effective cART.
CONCLUSIONS: Microbial translocation is a major force driving chronic inflammation in HIV-infected Africans
receiving cART. Prevention of monocyte activation may be especially effective at enhancing therapeutic outcomes. |
en_US |
dc.identifier.citation |
Cassol, E, Malfeld, S, Mahasha, P, Van der Merwe, S, Cassol, S, Seebregts, C, Alfano, M, Poli, G & Rossouw, T 2010, 'Persistent microbial translocation and immune activation in HIV-1–infected South Africans receiving combination antiretroviral therapy', Journal of Infectious Diseases, vol. 202, no. 5. pp. 723-733. [http://www.journals.uchicago.edu/toc/jid/current] |
en_US |
dc.identifier.issn |
0022-1899 |
|
dc.identifier.other |
10.1086/655229 |
|
dc.identifier.uri |
http://hdl.handle.net/2263/15816 |
|
dc.language.iso |
en |
en_US |
dc.publisher |
University of Chicago Press |
en_US |
dc.rights |
© 2010 by the Infectious Diseases Society of America. |
en_US |
dc.subject |
Microbial translocation |
en_US |
dc.subject |
Immune activation |
en_US |
dc.subject |
Human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1) |
en_US |
dc.subject |
Antiretroviral therapy (ART) |
en_US |
dc.title |
Persistent microbial translocation and immune activation in HIV-1–infected South Africans receiving combination antiretroviral therapy |
en_US |
dc.type |
Article |
en_US |