Abstract:
Among other activities, the South African National Survey of Arachnida (SANSA) aims to
survey the biodiversity of arachnids in protected areas of South Africa. The study presented here
documents the diversity of spiders and scorpions collected from the Nylsvley Nature Reserve
(NNR), South Africa over a 30-year period. The spider fauna of NNR contains 175 species (7.5%
of the total recorded in South Africa), in 131 genera and 37 families. Thomisidae is the most
diverse spider family in the reserve, with 33 species (18.9% of the total), followed by Salticidae,
with 20 species (11.4%), and Araneidae, with 18 species (10.3%). The majority of species (125)
are wandering spiders (71.4%), whereas 50 species (28.6%) build webs. Wandering grounddwelling
spiders comprise 52 species, whereas 73 wandering species have been collected from
the vegetation. A total of 158 species are new records for the reserve and Oxyopes tuberculatus
Lessert, 1915 is newly recorded for South Africa. Six spider species may be new to science. The
scorpion fauna of NNR comprises fi ve species (5% of the total recorded in South Africa) in three
genera and two families. Buthidae are more diverse in the reserve, with four species and two
genera represented. The scorpion fauna of the reserve includes two fossorial and three epigeic
species, representing fi ve ecomorphotypes: semi-psammophilous, pelophilous, lithophilous,
corticolous and lapidicolous. Five additional scorpion species may be recorded if the reserve is
sampled more intensively using appropriate techniques.
