Characterization of macadamia ringspot-associated virus, a novel Orthotospovirus associated with Macadamia integrifolia in South Africa

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dc.contributor.author Roberts, Ronel
dc.contributor.author Robbertse, Nicola
dc.contributor.author Thompson, Genevieve D.
dc.contributor.author Read, David Alan
dc.date.accessioned 2024-10-22T10:15:07Z
dc.date.available 2024-10-22T10:15:07Z
dc.date.issued 2024-06
dc.description.abstract South Africa is the largest producer of macadamias in the world, producing an estimated 61,288 tons nut-in-shell in 2022. In order to ensure the sustainability of the industry, it is important that research focuses on the control and eradication of economically important pests and diseases. Macadamia trees in the Mpumalanga Lowveld of South Africa have for some time shown severe chlorosis, which coincides with a significant drop in production, with losses of up to 60% being recorded. The disease has since been coined Macadamia Chlorosis Disease (MCD). In an attempt to determine whether MCD may be associated with a virus, high-throughput Illumina sequencing was performed on RNA extracted from both diseased and healthy trees collected from farms in Mpumalanga. Subsequent data analyses could not link a specific virus to MCD, however, reads spanning the full genome of a novel virus belonging to the Orthotospovirus genus were obtained. An RT-PCR assay was optimized for the detection of this virus and subsequent surveys linked the virus to ringspot symptoms which are commonly observed on different macadamia cultivars. The virus has to date been identified from orchards in Mpumalanga, Limpopo and KwaZulu-Natal. Other viruses described in the genus are known to cause severe crop losses and it is therefore important that the virus, provisionally named macadamia ringspot-associated virus (MRSV), be further studied to determine whether association with this virus can lead to yield losses, and whether appropriate control strategies must be implemented to prevent the spread of MRSV. en_US
dc.description.department Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI) en_US
dc.description.librarian hj2024 en_US
dc.description.sdg SDG-02:Zero Hunger en_US
dc.description.sponsorship Macadamias South Africa NPC (SAMAC). Open access funding provided by Agricultural Research Council. en_US
dc.description.uri https://link.springer.com/journal/10658 en_US
dc.identifier.citation Roberts, R., Robbertse, N., Thompson, G.D. et al. Characterization of macadamia ringspot-associated virus, a novel Orthotospovirus associated with Macadamia integrifolia in South Africa. European Journal of Plant Pathology 169, 347–357 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10658-024-02832-1. en_US
dc.identifier.issn 0929-1873 (print)
dc.identifier.issn 1573-8469 (online)
dc.identifier.other 10.1007/s10658-024-02832-1
dc.identifier.uri http://hdl.handle.net/2263/98706
dc.language.iso en en_US
dc.publisher Springer en_US
dc.rights © The Author(s) 2024. Open Access. This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. en_US
dc.subject Macadamia en_US
dc.subject Macadamia chlorosis disease (MCD) en_US
dc.subject Macadamia ringspot-associated virus (MRSV) en_US
dc.subject Orthotospovirus en_US
dc.subject Ringspot en_US
dc.subject High throughput sequencing en_US
dc.subject SDG-02: Zero hunger en_US
dc.title Characterization of macadamia ringspot-associated virus, a novel Orthotospovirus associated with Macadamia integrifolia in South Africa en_US
dc.type Article en_US


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