Abstract:
The battery pack performance and expected lifespan are crucial in electric vehicle applications. Balancing the charge on a battery
pack connected in series and parallel is crucial due to manufacturing discrepancies and distinct performance of each cell in a
standard battery pack. In this paper, a switched-resistor passive balancing-based method is proposed for balancing cells in a
battery management system (BMS). The value of the available voltage at the battery cell terminals is balanced using resistors in
an electrical circuit, and the excess voltage is eliminated. The cell balancing outcome demonstrates that the electrical circuit
can maintain an even voltage across each cell. The procedure of balancing involves individually adjusting each cell’s level of
charge. Passive balancing releases energy as heat by draining charge from cells that have too much charge. A passive cell
balancer is a cost-effective solution and easy to install, but due to thermal loss from a resistor, it has a low energy efficiency for
cell balancing and necessitates a lengthy balancing process. This passive cell balancer is an effective and reliable method for
low-power devices and portable applications such as electrical vehicles. The power limits during charging and discharging are
estimated using the bisection method.
