Impact of adult cochlear implantation on the partner relationship : a conceptual framework Informed by patient and partner perceptions

Abstract

The use of cochlear implants (CIs) as a treatment approach for moderate to profound hearing loss in adults has an impact not only on the CI recipients themselves but also on their partners.

Objectives: This study aimed to describe the impact of cochlear implantation on the partner relationship as perceived by adult CI recipients and their intimate partners. Furthermore, this study aimed to generate a conceptual framework for informing future research directions and clinical adult cochlear implantation interventions.

Methods: A concept mapping approach was used to generate, analyse and interpret participants’ data. This methodology is a collaborative, mixed-method approach which enables the elicitation of diverse content. Participants attended group and individual sessions to generate, sort and rate statements that describe the changes in their relationship post-implantation. Adults between the ages of 19 and 65 years were targeted. Participants consisted of 15 CI recipients (mean age: 51.6; SD: 8.2) and 12 partners (mean age: 50.9; SD 8.1). Partners cohabitated and had daily interaction with the CI recipient for a minimum of 12 months prior to cochlear implantation. CI recipients had a minimum of 12 months’ experience with a CI prior to data collection, were oral communicators and received cochlear implantation services at two CI centres in South Africa.

Results: By examining their perspectives, a conceptual framework emerged. Participants’ data revealed five concepts: Social Interactions, Partner Involvement, Communication, Emotional Adjustment, and Relationship Intimacy. Participants’ evaluation of these concepts revealed varying degrees of importance and positivity/ negativity. The Relationship Intimacy cluster emerged as most important and positive. Study findings underscore the post-implantation improvements in the partner relationship in terms of social interactions, communication dynamics, and emotional adjustment.

Conclusion: The study reinforces the significance of understanding the impact of cochlear implantation on the partner relationship and emphasises the need for comprehensive support and counselling strategies. Relationship Intimacy was regarded as pivotal, suggesting its significant role in enhancing couples’ relationships post-implantation. While CI recipients experienced enhanced autonomy, partners’ roles evolved, encompassing assistance and support. Importantly, participants indicated both positive and negative changes in relationship dynamics due to cochlear implantation. This holistic perspective is essential for ensuring patient-and family-centered care (PFCC) and maximising the benefits of cochlear implantation for both CI recipients and their partners.