Abstract:
BACKGROUND : Laryngopharyngeal reflux (LPR) is prevalent and can lead to voice disorders, but
its diagnosis is difficult, because of limited correlations between clinical symptoms and organic
pathology. Various tools and methods have been explored to aid a diagnosis of LPR.
OBJECTIVE : To investigate associations between reflux symptoms, acoustic-, perceptual-, and
physical vocal characteristics, glottal function index (GFI), and vocal handicap index (VHI) in
adults with non-organic voice disorders.
METHODS : Data of 51 adults with non-organic voice disorders were collected, using a
retrospective cohort explorative research design, at a private ear, nose and throat specialist
practice in Gauteng, South Africa. Quantitative outcomes were compared between reflux
symptom index (RSI), acoustic characteristics (jitter, shimmer and fundamental frequency
[F0]), maximum phonation time, perceptual- (GRBASI) and physical vocal characteristics, GFI
and VHI.
RESULTS : The RSI showed positive fair correlations against GFI, VHIP and caffeine intake,
indicating an increase in reflux symptoms with higher scores on the various measures.
Moderate correlations were also found between GFI and VHIP, grade of hoarseness and
jitter, strain and VHIP, strain and VHI total (VHIT) and between Asthenia and jitter. Very
strong correlations were found within the various subsections of the VHI as well as
between jitter and shimmer and between F0-male and physical symptoms of the VHI
(VHIP).
CONCLUSION : Results indicated associations between reflux symptoms, vocal characteristics,
the GFI and the VHI. Based on the correlations found these tools used in conjunction could
improve clinical diagnosis of LPR. Implications of these findings are promising, but further research is recommended.
CONTRIBUTION : This study contributes to the body of knowledge to support the accurate clinical
diagnosis of LPR using subjective measures to determine LPR symptoms, as well as acoustic
analysis.
