Aluminium assisted nickel alloying in submerged arc welding of carbon steel : application of unconstrained metal powders

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dc.contributor.author Coetsee, Theresa
dc.contributor.author De Bruin, Frederik
dc.date.accessioned 2022-07-18T06:34:40Z
dc.date.available 2022-07-18T06:34:40Z
dc.date.issued 2022-05
dc.description.abstract Nickel alloying of carbon steel is used to enhance steel strength and toughness. Nickel alloying of the weld metal via solid weld wire presents several difficulties as highlighted previously, such as work hardening of the solid weld wire in manufacturing and feeding through the SAW wire feeding mechanism, and expensive and time consuming manufacturing of multiple weld wire formulations. The application of nickel and aluminium powders in unconstrained format, meaning not as fluxed cored wire or as metal cored wire, is used to simplify weld metal alloying. Al powder is used to control the oxygen potential at the weld pool-molten flux interface. The results presented here show that the addition of Al powder to the weld metal enhances Ni yield to the weld metal, at 85%, compared to pre-alloyed powder Ni yields of 57–78% as applied in previous work. Carbon steel was alloyed to 6.9% Ni and 3.7% Al. Thermodynamic analysis is applied to elucidate the chemical interaction between Ni and Al, and its effects on Ni yield in the weld pool. Overall process productivity gains stem from weld metal alloying from unconstrained metal powders because the expensive and time consuming step of manufacturing alloyed wire and alloyed powder is eliminated en_US
dc.description.department Materials Science and Metallurgical Engineering en_US
dc.description.sponsorship National Research Foundation of South Africa en_US
dc.description.uri https://www.mdpi.com/journal/applsci en_US
dc.identifier.citation Coetsee, T.; De Bruin, F. Aluminium Assisted Nickel Alloying in Submerged Arc Welding of Carbon Steel: Application of Unconstrained Metal Powders. Applied Sciences 2022, 12, 5392. https://doi.org/10.3390/ app12115392. en_US
dc.identifier.issn 2076-3417 (online)
dc.identifier.other 10.3390/app12115392
dc.identifier.uri https://repository.up.ac.za/handle/2263/86269
dc.language.iso en en_US
dc.publisher MDPI en_US
dc.rights © 2022 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license. en_US
dc.subject Pyrometallurgy en_US
dc.subject Powder en_US
dc.subject Nickel en_US
dc.subject Oxygen control en_US
dc.subject Aluminium en_US
dc.subject Welding en_US
dc.subject Submerged arc welding (SAW) en_US
dc.title Aluminium assisted nickel alloying in submerged arc welding of carbon steel : application of unconstrained metal powders en_US
dc.type Article en_US


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