Abstract:
Agent-based simulation lends itself to study emergent behaviour when agents respond autonomously, based on their unique and
individual attributes, to external interventions. In transport, the vehicle-specific attribute of interest is its fuel efficiency and emissions. While research showed that vehicle-specific emissions can be accounted for in terms of pollutant quantities, this paper aims
to demonstrate that the chosen model is sensitive to a vehicle’s designated emissions concept. In urban freight or city logistics, such
behavioural sensitivity is necessary to evaluate interventions like low emission zones where access is provided to goods vehicles
based on their emission category.
