dc.contributor.postgraduate |
Engelbrecht, Johann Pieter |
|
dc.date.accessioned |
2019-02-20T12:31:38Z |
|
dc.date.available |
2019-02-20T12:31:38Z |
|
dc.date.created |
1986 |
|
dc.date.issued |
1986 |
|
dc.description |
Thesis (PhD)--University of Pretoria, 1986. |
en_ZA |
dc.description.abstract |
Afrikaans: 'n Dagsoomkaart <skaal 1:100 000) en 'n struktuurkaart <skaal
ongeveer 1:225 OQO> van die geologie van die Maricodistrik, is
saamgestel. 'n Verskeidenheid van afsettings- gesteentes van die
Transvaal Opeenvolging vorm die vloer van die Bosveld Kompleks. 'n
Toename van grofklastiese afsettingsgesteentes in die noord-weste
getuig van 'n aanvoerrigting van die afsettings vanuit hierdie
rigting. Die groat diktes van meta- pelitiese gesteentes ten ooste
van Enzelsberg wys op diepwater- afsettings in hierdie gebied.
Getyvlakte-afsettings en lokale magnetietkwartsiete in die
noord-weste~ getuig van klein afgeskermde sub-komme. Plooistrukture
in die vloer en verskuiwings- dekblaaie het ontstaan deur
gravitasieglyding van die ongekonsolideerde sedimente~ v~n wes na
oos. Meerveranderlike statistiese tegnieke soos hoofkomponenteontleding,
trosontleding en diskriminantontleding, word algemeen
toegepas op die chemiese data. Die Hekpoortlawas van die Wes- en
Des-Transvaal asook die Ongeluklawas van die Noord-Kaap~ word
chemies onderling vergelyk. Hulle word geklassifiseer as
intrakratoniese andesiete. Tussen- gelaagde tuwwe en
graderingsgelaagde cherte dui op die onderwaterse afsetting van die
lawa in die Wes-Transvaal. Die paleogrond wat deurgaans hierdie
lawa oorle, het gevorm deur die chemiese uitloging van die
onderliggende vulkaniese gesteentes. Die Marice Hipabissale Suite
bestaan hoofsaaklik uit dun amfibolitiese en noritiese plate wat
tussengelaagd met die Transvaal Opeenvolging voorkom. Die noriete
is jonger, en kom nader aan die Bosveld Kompleks voor, as die
amfiboliete. Die amfiboliete het gevorm deur hidrasie tydens
metamorfisme van die noriete. Die randsone van die Rustenburg
Gelaagde Suite is 814 m dik in die Nietverdiendomgewing, en bestaan
uit sikliese eenhede met oliviennoriet, noriet en gabbroiese
noriet. In hierdie omge~ing word geen hipabissale ekwivalent van
die randsone aangetref nie. Die sikliese eenhede van die
daaropvolgende laer sone en kritieke sone bestaan uit duniet,
harzburgiet, chromitiet en bronsitiet. In die laer sone is dik lae
van duniet en harzburgiet ontwikkel~ terwyl chromitiete tipies is
van die kritieke sone. Volgens definisie begin die kritieke sone
aan die basis van die LG-1 chromitietlaag. Die LG-1 tot LG-5 chromitietlaag word uitgeken in die gebied. Die siklisiteit, saam
met die patroon van die chemiese veranderlikes langs die boorgatprofiel
word verklaar aan die hand van 'n proses van progressiewe
reaksie, gevolg deur 'n proses van progressiewe kristallisasie. Die
"omgekeerde" differensiasieneiging van die randsone en 'n gedeelte
van die laer sone word deur hierdie meganisme verklaar. Op hierdie
wyse word daar deurgaans geintegreer onder die samestellings- en
die temperatuurkurwe. 'n Kinetiese kristallisasiemodel vir die
onstaan van die chromietkonsentrasies, word aan die hand gedoen.
Hiervolgens het die chromiet voortdurend uitgesak, terwyl die
olivien en ortopirokseen teen wisselende tempo's gekristalliseer
het. 'n Maksimum metamorfe temperatuur van 610 °C en druk van
4.25 kb is bereken vir die granofelse ten ooste van Zelikatskop.
Die druk tydens die inplasing van rand- laer en kritieke·sone was
ongeveer 2 kb, maar het toegeneem met die inplasing van verdere
magma van die Bosveld Kompleks. Die temperatuur van die vloergesteentes
het gedurende hierdie tydperk nie gestyg het nie. |
en_ZA |
dc.description.abstract |
English: An outcrop map (scale 1:100 000>, together with a structural map
(scale approximately 1:225 000) of the geology of the Marico
district, is presented. The floor of the Bushveld Complex is made
up of a variety of rocks belonging to the Transvaal Sequence. An
abundance of coarse-grained sedimentary rocks in the north-western
part of the area is evidence of material transport from this
direction. The presence of a significant thickness of metapelitic
rocks to the east of Enzelsberg points to deep-water deposition in
this area. Intertidal deposits and locally distributed magnetite
quartzites, represent protected, small sub-basins. Fold structures
and slides formed due to gravitation sliding of the soft sediments
from west to east. The chemical data are subjected to multivariant
statistical techniques such as principal components anal~sis,
discriminant analysis, and cluster analysis. The chemical
relationships between the Hekpoart volcanics of the western and
eastern Transvaal, as well as the Ongeluk volcanics of the northern
Cape, are investigated. All the lavas are classified as
intracratonic andesites. Interlayered tuffs and graded cherts in
the lavas of the western Transvaal favour a sub-aqueous extrusion.
The paleo-soil which commonly overlies the lavas farmed by the
chemical leaching thereof. The Marice Hypabyssal Suite is composed
mainly of thin amphibolite and norite sills intrusive into the
Transvaal Sequence. The amphibolites originated from the norites
during metamorphism and hydration. The marginal zone of the
Rustenburg Layered Suite is 814 m thick in the Nietverdiend area
and is composed of cyclic units of olivine norite, norite and
gabbroic norite. No hypabyssal equivalent of the marginal zone was
found in this area. The cyclic units of the lower and critical
zones are co~posed of dunites, harzburgites, chromitites and
bronzitites. Thick layers of dunite and harzburgite are developed
in the lower zone, while chromitite is typical of the critical
zone. By definition, the critical zone commences at the base of the
LG-1 chromitite layer, and the LG-1 to LG-5 chramitite layers are
identified in the area. The cyclicity together with the chemical
trends along the borehole profile is explained by a process of
progressive reaction, followed by a process of progressive crystallization. The "reversed'' differentiation seen in the
marginal zone and a part of the lower zone is explained by this
mechanism. In this way there is a continual integration under the
composition and temperature curves. A kinetic crystallization model
for the origin of the chromite concentrations is proposed.
According to this, the chromite was deposited at a constant speed,
while the olivine and the orthopyroxene crystallized at fluctuating
rates. A maximum metamorphic temperature of 610 °C and pressure
of 4.25 kb was calculated for the ganolites to the east of
Zelikatskop. During the formation of the marginal, lower and
critical zones, the pressure was approximately 2 kb, but increased
with the emplacement of the rest of the Bushveld Complex. The
temperature in the floor-rocks did not increase during this time. |
en_ZA |
dc.description.availability |
Unrestricted |
en_ZA |
dc.description.degree |
PhD |
en_ZA |
dc.description.department |
Animal and Wildlife Sciences |
en_ZA |
dc.identifier.citation |
Engelbrecht, JP 1986, Die Bosveld kompleks en sy vloergesteentes in die omgewing van Nietverdiend, Wes-Transvaal, PhD Thesis, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, viewed yymmdd <http://hdl.handle.net/2263/68491> |
en_ZA |
dc.identifier.uri |
http://hdl.handle.net/2263/68491 |
|
dc.language.iso |
Afrikaans |
en_ZA |
dc.publisher |
University of Pretoria |
|
dc.rights |
© 2018 University of Pretoria. All rights reserved. The copyright in this work vests in the University of Pretoria. No part of this work may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, without the prior written permission of the University of Pretoria. |
|
dc.subject |
UCTD |
en_ZA |
dc.title |
Die Bosveld kompleks en sy vloergesteentes in die omgewing van Nietverdiend, Wes-Transvaal |
en_ZA |
dc.type |
Thesis |
en_ZA |