Playing by the rules : towards a gameplay framework of creativity in design

Abstract

Creativity plays an important part in design and problem-solving. While the role of play has enjoyed a great deal of attention in the study of both creativity and problem-solving alike, the overlap between games and the creative problem-solving process has not enjoyed much scholarly attention. This dissertation therefore focuses on exploring the overlap between games and the creative problem-solving process. This exploration seeks to enhance the manner in which the role and function of gameplay within the creative problem-solving process is understood. This study is approached from the viewpoint of a thorough literature review and synthesises insights from design discourse, creativity studies and game design literature. Firstly, this study demonstrates the systemic similarities between games and creative problems. These similarities prove that both systems are capable of generating or allowing the emergence of gameplay. The second aspect focused on is the manner in which gameplay emerges from creative problem-solving and the value that it holds for that process. The third aspect focused on is the role and function of rules in both games and problem-solving in eliciting gameplay. These explorations culminate in a rudimentary framework that describes the manner in which the rules and limitations in a creative problem become established in order to allow gameplay to emerge. Lastly, the paper explores the psychological factors inherent in eliciting gameplay from a creative problem in the form of adopting a lusory attitude. The study ultimately demonstrates the crucial role of gameplay in creative problem-solving and the aspects that influence its emergence.