Abstract:
Salmonellosis is a common healthcare-associated infection in large-animal hospitals, and
surveillance for Salmonella is an integral part of comprehensive infection control programmes
in populations at risk. The present study compares the effectiveness of two culture techniques
for recovery of Salmonella from environmental samples obtained in a large-animal referral
veterinary hospital during a Salmonella outbreak. Environmental samples were collected
using household cleaning cloths that were incubated overnight in buffered peptone water
(BPW). Aliquots of BPW were then processed using two different selective enrichment and
culture techniques. In the first technique (TBG-RV-XLT4) samples were incubated at 43 °C in
tetrathionate broth and then Rappaport-Vassiliadis broth before plating on XLT4 agar. The
second technique (SEL‑XLD) involved incubation at 37 °C in selenite broth before plating on
XLD agar. Salmonella was recovered from 49.7% (73/147) of samples using the TBG-RV-XLT4
technique, but only 10.2% (15/147) of samples using the SEL‑XLD method. Fourteen samples
(9.5%) were culture-positive using both methods, and 73 (49.7%) were culture-negative using
both techniques. There were discordant results for 60 samples, including 59 that were only
culture-positive using the TBG-RV-XLT4 method, and one sample that was only culturepositive
using the SEL‑XLD method. Salmonella was much more likely to be recovered
using the TBG-RV-XLT4 method, and there appeared to be five times more false-negative
results using the SEL-XLD technique. Environmental contamination with Salmonella may be
underestimated by certain culture techniques, which may impair efforts to control spread in
veterinary hospitals.
