Antinociceptive effects of epidural magnesium sulphate alone and in combination with morphine in dogs

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dc.contributor.author Bahrenberg, Anne
dc.contributor.author Dzikiti, Brighton T.
dc.contributor.author Fosgate, Geoffrey Theodore
dc.contributor.author Stegmann, George F.
dc.contributor.author Tacke, Sabine P.
dc.contributor.author Rioja-Garcia, Eva
dc.date.accessioned 2015-11-25T06:05:09Z
dc.date.issued 2015-05
dc.description.abstract OBJECTIVE : To compare the antinociceptive effects of magnesium sulphate (MgSO4) when administered epidurally alone and in combination with morphine. STUDY DESIGN : Experimental, randomized, ‘blinded’, crossover study. ANIMALS : Six healthy adult Beagle dogs. METHODS : Evaluated treatments were MgSO4 (2.5 mg kg 1) alone (Mg), morphine (0.1 mg kg 1) alone (Mo), MgSO4 in combination with morphine (Mm), and sterile water (0.115 mL kg 1; Co) that were injected in the lumbosacral epidural space using an epidural catheter. Antinociception was measured using the von Frey mechanical threshold device applied to the carpal pads, both sides of the thorax and metatarsi. Measurements were obtained at time points: before treatment (baseline) and 0.5, 1, 2, 4, 6, 12, 18 and 24 hours after the epidural injection. Sedation, behaviour score and presence of motor deficits were assessed. Data were analyzed using a linear mixed model and Bonferroni adjustments, with significance set at p < 0.05. RESULTS : There were significant effects of treatment and time in all regions. Overall threshold values in grammes force [median (interquartile range)] when stimulation regions were combined were significantly higher in Mg [164 (135–200)], Mo 156 (129–195)] and Mm [158 (131–192)] compared to Co [145 (120–179)]. Thresholds were significantly higher compared to Co in Mg, Mo and Mm at the thorax and metatarsi, but only in Mg and Mo at the carpal pads. No motor deficits were observed at any time point. Thresholds (combined regions) were increased from baseline at one or more time points with all treatments, including control. CONCLUSION AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE : Epidural MgSO4 produced an antinociceptive effect characterised by an increase in the mechanical thresholds of similar magnitude to that produced by epidural morphine, compared with the control group, without causing any motor deficits. No potentiation of morphine antinociception was observed. The onset and offset times of antinociception could not be clearly established. To what extent these results can be extrapolated to clinical cases requires further investigation. en_ZA
dc.description.embargo 2016-05-31
dc.description.librarian hb2015 en_ZA
dc.description.sponsorship Department of Companion Animal Clinical Studies of the University of Pretoria and the University of Pretoria Research Fund. en_ZA
dc.description.uri http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/10.1111/(ISSN)1467-2995 en_ZA
dc.identifier.citation Bahrenberg, A, Dzikiti, BT, Fosgate, GT, Stegmann, FG, Tacke, SP & Rioja, E 2015, 'Antinociceptive effects of epidural magnesium sulphate alone and in combination with morphine in dogs', Veterinary Anaesthesia and Analgesia, vol. 42, no. 3, pp. 319-328. en_ZA
dc.identifier.issn 1467-2987 (print)
dc.identifier.issn 1467-2995 (online)
dc.identifier.other 10.1111/vaa.12211
dc.identifier.other 27967665100
dc.identifier.other N-8696-2014
dc.identifier.other 6603440077
dc.identifier.uri http://hdl.handle.net/2263/50604
dc.language.iso en en_ZA
dc.publisher Wiley en_ZA
dc.rights © 2014 Association of Veterinary Anaesthetists and the American College of Veterinary Anesthesia and Analgesia. This is the pre-peer reviewed version of the following article :Antinociceptive effects of epidural magnesium sulphate alone and in combination with morphine in dogs, Veterinary Anaesthesia and Analgesia, vol. 42, no. 3, pp. 319-328, 2015. doi : 10.1111/vaa.12211. The definite version is available at : http://onlinelibrary.wiley.comjournal/10.1111/(ISSN)1467-2995. en_ZA
dc.subject Analgesia en_ZA
dc.subject Canine en_ZA
dc.subject Epidural anaesthesia en_ZA
dc.subject Magnesium sulphate en_ZA
dc.subject Mechanical threshold en_ZA
dc.subject Neuraxial en_ZA
dc.title Antinociceptive effects of epidural magnesium sulphate alone and in combination with morphine in dogs en_ZA
dc.type Postprint Article en_ZA


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