Abstract:
We report the case of an HIV-positive female patient with neurofibromatosis type 1 who was
treated for recurrent peptic ulcer disease and later developed diabetes mellitus and chronic
diarrhoea. A metastasising somatostatinoma was histologically proven and evidence of a
concomitant gastrin-producing neuroendocrine tumour was found. Neuroendocrine tumours
(NETs) are very rare neoplasms originating from a wide variety of endocrine and nervous
system tissue with the ability to produce different hormones. A somatostatin- and gastrinsecreting
NET in a patient with HIV has not been reported in the literature, to the best of
our knowledge. We discuss oncogenic pathomechanisms related to the underlying conditions
and propose stringent monitoring for tumours in HIV-positive patients with phakomatoses as
well as initiation of antiretroviral therapy.
