Abstract:
Danièle Hervieu-Léger gives an account of religion as a chain of memory, that is, a form
of collective memory and imagination based on the sanctity of tradition. According to her
theory, in the postmodern world the continuity of religious memory has been broken and all
that remains are isolated fragments guarded by religious groups. This twofold study aims
at showing, firstly, in what sense religion can be conceived of as memory which produces
collective meanings (Part One) and, secondly, what may happen when individualised and
absolutised memories alienate themselves from a continuity of tradition, thus beginning to
function as a sort of private religion (Part Two). Being the first part of the study in question,
this article is dedicated to a historical-theological analysis of religious memory as a source
of collective meanings, as seen from a Christian perspective. Firstly, it situates Hervieu-
Léger’s definition of religion against the background of the most topical religious contexts
in which the notion of memory appears today. Secondly, the dialectics of individual and
collective memory is discussed, notably through the lens of Ricoeur’s original proposal. This
is followed by an overview of the traditional functions of memory in Christianity. Lastly, the
interpretation of the way in which Christian tradition, in its premodern continuity, served as
a source of collective cultural meanings, is recapitulated. What underlies this analysis is the
conviction that to comprehend, and even more so to challenge mechanisms based on which
the dominant purveyors of meaning (such as economic and information market) function in
our day, one should have a clear understanding of what they attempt to substitute for. In brief,
before exploring how memories become religion, one ought to be able to conceive of religion
as memory.
