Tipering, stereotipering en destereotipering in ’n kortverhaal; ’n ontleding van die Jona-vertelling

Abstract

In hierdie navorsingsessay word die rol wat tipering, stereotipering en destereotipering speel in „n kortverhaal, nagegaan aan die hand van die Jona-vertelling. Ná ‟n kort bespreking word ‟n werksdefinisie van tipering, stereotipering en destereotipering aangebied. Die boek Nahum word daarna ontleed aangesien die gedig van Nahum beskou kan word as ‟n interteks van die Jona-vertelling. Die tipering van JHWH, Nineve en die koning van Nineve word nagegaan. Dit dien as agtergrond vir ‟n ontleding van die tipiese en a-tipiese optrede van die karakters in die Jona-verhaal. Die slotsom waartoe gekom word, is dat die outeur van Jona, deur die a-tipiese optrede van die karakters, daarin slaag om die koning en inwoners van Nineve te destereotipeer. Op dieselfde wyse word die leser van die verhaal deur die a-tipiese optrede van die karakter JHWH oortuig dat hy nie altyd tot voordeel van Israel en Juda optree en hulle vyande vernietig nie.

The aim of this essay is to investigate the part which typification, stereotyping and destereotyping can play in a short story. A definition of typification, stereotyping and destereotyping is offered after a brief discussion. Based on the conviction that the book of Nahum can be read as an intertext of the Jonah story, the stereotyped portrayal of Yahweh, Nineveh and the king of Nineveh in the poem of Nahum is analysed. This serves as the background against which the typical and a-typical conduct of the characters in the Jonah story is investigated by way of close reading. The conclusion arrived at, is that the author of the Jonah story succeeded in destereotyping the king and inhabitants of Nineveh by letting them act in an a-typical manner. In the same way the a-typical conduct of the character Yahweh leads the reader to question the stereotyped idea that Yahweh always supports Israel and Judah and destroys their enemies.