We are excited to announce that the repository will soon undergo an upgrade, featuring a new look and feel along with several enhanced features to improve your experience. Please be on the lookout for further updates and announcements regarding the launch date. We appreciate your support and look forward to unveiling the improved platform soon.
dc.contributor.author | Steenkamp, Joalet Dalene![]() |
|
dc.contributor.author | Pistorius, Petrus Christiaan![]() |
|
dc.contributor.author | Tangstad, M.![]() |
|
dc.date.accessioned | 2015-05-29T11:28:57Z | |
dc.date.available | 2015-05-29T11:28:57Z | |
dc.date.issued | 2015-04 | |
dc.description.abstract | Silicomanganese (SiMn) as an alloy supplies silicon and manganese to the steelmaking industry. It is produced through carbothermic reduction in a submerged arc furnace. The slag and metal are typically tapped through a single-level tap hole at 50 K (50 C) below the process temperature of 1873 K to 1923 K (1600 C to 1650 C). In one tapblock refractory design configuration, the tap hole is installed as a carbon tapblock and rebuilt during the life of the lining using carbon-based cold ramming paste. The carbon tapblock lasts for a number of years and ramming paste only for months. The purpose of the study presented here was to determine to what extent chemical reactions between carbon-based refractory and slag or metal in the tap hole of a SiMn furnace can contribute to wear of tap-hole refractory. The results of the study are reported in two parts. In Part I, the results of thermodynamic calculations of the potential for chemical reaction between carbon-based refractory material and slag or metal are reported. The results were tested experimentally using pure graphite and synthetic SiMn slag (produced from pure oxides). The paper also reports the composition, microstructure, and phases of industrial SiMn slag, and commercially available carbon block and cold ramming paste refractory materials. These compositions were used in predicted equilibria of refractory–slag reactions. Thermodynamic calculations suggest that reaction between SiMn slag and carbonbased tap-hole refractory is possible, and experiments with nominally pure materials support this. However, practical refractory materials are by no means pure materials, and contain secondary phases and porosity which can be expected to affect reaction with slag. Such reactions are examined in Part II. | en_ZA |
dc.description.embargo | 2016-04-30 | en_ZA |
dc.description.librarian | hb2015 | en_ZA |
dc.description.sponsorship | National Research Foundation of South Africa (Grant TP2011070800005). | en_ZA |
dc.description.uri | http://link.springer.com/journal/11663 | en_ZA |
dc.identifier.citation | Steenkamp, JD, Pistorius, PC & Tangstad, M 2015, 'Wear mechanisms of carbon-based refractory materials in silicomanganese tap holes : Part I : Equilibrium calculations and slag and refractory characterization', Metallurgical and Materials Transactions B, vol. 46, no. 2, pp. 653-667. | en_ZA |
dc.identifier.issn | 1073-5615 (print) | |
dc.identifier.issn | 1543-1916 (online) | |
dc.identifier.other | 10.1007/s11663-014-0275-9 | |
dc.identifier.uri | http://hdl.handle.net/2263/45360 | |
dc.language.iso | en | en_ZA |
dc.publisher | Springer | en_ZA |
dc.rights | © The Minerals, Metals & Materials Society and ASM International 2014. The original publication is available at : http://link.springer.com/journal/11663 | en_ZA |
dc.subject | Carbon-based | en_ZA |
dc.subject | Refractory materials | en_ZA |
dc.subject | Refractory characterization | en_ZA |
dc.subject | Silicomanganese (SiMn) | en_ZA |
dc.subject | SiMn tap-holes | en_ZA |
dc.subject.other | Engineering, built environment and information technology articles SDG-04 | |
dc.subject.other | SDG-04: Quality education | |
dc.subject.other | Engineering, built environment and information technology articles SDG-09 | |
dc.subject.other | SDG-09: Industry, innovation and infrastructure | |
dc.subject.other | Engineering, built environment and information technology articles SDG-12 | |
dc.subject.other | SDG-12: Responsible consumption and production | |
dc.subject.other | Engineering, built environment and information technology articles SDG-13 | |
dc.subject.other | SDG-13: Climate action | |
dc.title | Wear mechanisms of carbon-based refractory materials in silicomanganese tap holes : Part I : Equilibrium calculations and slag and refractory characterization | en_ZA |
dc.type | Postprint Article | en_ZA |