dc.contributor.author |
Haw, Anna
|
|
dc.contributor.author |
Hofmeyr, Markus
|
|
dc.contributor.author |
Fuller, Andrea
|
|
dc.contributor.author |
Buss, Peter Erik
|
|
dc.contributor.author |
Miller, Michele
|
|
dc.contributor.author |
Fleming, Gregory
|
|
dc.contributor.author |
Meyer, Leith Carl Rodney
|
|
dc.date.accessioned |
2015-02-20T06:55:10Z |
|
dc.date.available |
2015-02-20T06:55:10Z |
|
dc.date.issued |
2014-10 |
|
dc.description.abstract |
BACKGROUND : Opioid-induced immobilization is associated with severe respiratory depression in the white rhinoceros.
We evaluated the efficacy of butorphanol and oxygen insufflation in alleviating opioid-induced respiratory depression
in eight boma-managed rhinoceros.
RESULTS : Chemical immobilization with etorphine, azaperone and hyaluronidase, as per standard procedure for
the white rhinoceros, caused severe respiratory depression with hypoxaemia (PaO2 = 27 ± 7 mmHg [mean ± SD]),
hypercapnia (PaCO2 = 82 ± 6 mmHg) and acidosis (pH =7.26 ± 0.02) in the control trial at 5 min. Compared to
pre-intervention values, butorphanol administration (without oxygen) improved the PaO2 (60 ± 3 mmHg, F(3,21) =151.9,
p <0.001), PaCO2 (67 ± 4 mmHg, F(3,21) =22.57, p <0.001) and pH (7.31 ± 0.06, F(3,21) =27.60, p <0.001), while oxygen
insufflation alone exacerbated the hypercapnia (123 ± 20 mmHg, F(3,21) =50.13, p <0.001) and acidosis (7.12 ± 0.07,
F(3,21) =110.6, p <0.001). Surprisingly, butorphanol combined with oxygen fully corrected the opioid-induced hypoxaemia
(PaO2 = 155 ± 53 mmHg) and reduced the hypercapnia over the whole immobilization period (p <0.05, areas under
the curves) compared to the control trial. However, this intervention (butorphanol + oxygen) did not have any
effect on the arterial pH.
CONCLUSIONS : Oxygen insufflation combined with a single intravenous dose of butorphanol improved the
immobilization quality of boma-managed white rhinoceros by correcting the opioid-induced hypoxaemia, but did
not completely reverse all components of respiratory depression. The efficacy of this intervention in reducing
respiratory depression in field-captured animals remains to be determined. |
en_ZA |
dc.description.librarian |
hb2015 |
en_ZA |
dc.description.sponsorship |
South African National Research Foundation, the International Rhino Foundation, Disney’s Animal Programs and Environmental Initiatives, SANParks, the South African Veterinary Association’s Wildlife Group and the University of the Witwatersrand. |
en_ZA |
dc.description.uri |
http://www.biomedcentral.com/bmcvetres |
en_ZA |
dc.identifier.citation |
Haw, A, Hofmeyr, M Fuller, A, Buss, P, Miller, M, Fleming, G & Meyer, L 2014, 'Butorphanol with oxygen insufflation corrects etorphine-induced hypoxaemia in chemically immobilized white rhinoceros (Ceratotherium simum)', BMC Veterinary Research, vol. 10, no. 253, pp. 1-9. |
en_ZA |
dc.identifier.issn |
1746-6148 (print) |
|
dc.identifier.other |
10.1186/s12917-014-0253-0 |
|
dc.identifier.uri |
http://hdl.handle.net/2263/43736 |
|
dc.language.iso |
en |
en_ZA |
dc.publisher |
BioMed Central |
en_ZA |
dc.rights |
© 2014 Haw et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative
Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0). |
en_ZA |
dc.subject |
Anaesthesia |
en_ZA |
dc.subject |
Hypoxia |
en_ZA |
dc.subject |
Hypercapnia |
en_ZA |
dc.subject |
Acidaemia |
en_ZA |
dc.subject |
Blood gases |
en_ZA |
dc.subject |
Opioids |
en_ZA |
dc.subject |
Partial-opioid antagonist |
en_ZA |
dc.title |
Butorphanol with oxygen insufflation corrects etorphine-induced hypoxaemia in chemically immobilized white rhinoceros (Ceratotherium simum) |
en_ZA |
dc.type |
Article |
en_ZA |