An effective methodology is needed to simulate soil spectra on a large scale. The brightness-shape-moisture (BSM) radiative transfer model (RTM) is used to simulate soil spectra for different semiarid and arid biomes within ...

Plant-derived phenylpropanoids are semiochemicals that are often highly attractive to Bactrocera (Diptera: Tephritidae) males. One of these semiochemicals, methyl eugenol (ME), is used in the male annihilation technique ...

Rapid woody encroachment by native species is transforming grasslands and savannas across the world. The drivers of this encroachment are diverse, complex, and potentially interlinked, including fire exclusion, overgrazing, ...

Research into heterocyclic ligands has increased in popularity due to their versatile applications in the biomedical field. Quinoline derivatives with their transition metal complexes are popular scaffolding molecules in ...

The Critically Endangered seventy-four seabream Polysteganus undulosus, a slow growing sparid that forms spawning aggregations off South Africa, faced heavy exploitation from 1910 until a fishery moratorium was put in place ...

Varying views have been expressed about the purpose(s) of doctoral studies and qualifications. The views have been changing over time, as have the factors inducing the changes. This article examines a range of such factors, ...

The efficient asymmetric dihydroxylation of 6,7-epoxygeraniol was performed using a chemoenzymatic process employing a yeast epoxide hydrolase (EH) resolution stereoinversion step, followed by stereoretentive chemical ...

Mapping smallholder maize farms in complex and uneven rural terrain is a major barrier to accurately documenting the spatial representation of the farming units. Remote sensing technologies rely on various satellite products ...

Elsinoë species are phytopathogenic fungi that cause serious scab diseases on economically important plants. The disease symptoms arise from the effects of a group of phytotoxins known as elsinochromes, produced via a ...

Nitrogen oxides, particularly NO2, are emitted through a variety of industrial and transport processes globally. The world’s continuous economic development, including in developing countries, results in an increasing ...