Introduction: Pharmacokinetic variability in response to pharmacotherapy contribute to adverse drug reactions, drug-drug interaction and therapeutic failure seen in clinical practice. Poor therapeutic response to medication ...

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the predominant form of dementia which primarily affects the elderly. To date the aetiology of AD has not been fully elucidated, though may include: loss of cholinergic transmission; excessive ...

In vitro testing includes both cell-based and cell-free systems that can be used to detect toxicity induced by xenobiotics. In vitro methods are especially useful in rapidly gathering intelligence regarding the toxicity ...

Biofilms are surface-bound bacterial colonies that are held together by a self-produced extracellular polymeric matrix. They are highly resistant to antibiotics and host defence mechanisms, and are known to be the cause ...

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Herbal remedies are an important and often-used commodity in developing countries, such as those in Africa. There is a long-standing belief that these medicinal preparations are more effective and safe than allopathic ...

Wounds are a common occurrence and generally heal well within a short time depending on whether tissue needs to be replaced or not. Although there is an understanding of the physiological processes taking place during wound ...

The Cytochrome P450 family of enzymes is responsible for the majority of Phase I metabolism, and has been identified as an important source of pharmacokinetic variation in therapeutic responses. CYP2C19 and CYP2D6, ...

Cancer is responsible for upward of 13% of human deaths. Contemporary chemotherapy of disseminated cancer is often thwarted by dose limiting systemic toxicity and by multi-drug resistance (MDR). Riminophenazines are a novel ...

Medical conditions which cause morbidity and mortality, such as chronic wounds and infection, lead to significant medical costs. Much of the world's population is dependent on alternative medicine, of which herbal medicine ...