Doelorientering, intra- en interpersoonlike verhoudinge by kompeterende sportdeelnemers (Afrikaans)

Abstract

AFRIKAANS: Die doel met hierdie studie is om doeloriëntering, intra- en interpersoonlike klimaat as verskynsels te ondersoek en die dinamiese relasies tussen hierdie genoemde verskynsels na te vors. Die eerste fase van die studie is om met kwantitatiewe navorsing die relasies tussen die doeloriëntering van die sportdeelnemer en sy persepsies van die doeloriëntering van sy ouers en afrigter te bepaal, asook om die invloed van interpersoonlike verhoudinge (sportdeelnemer se verhouding met sy ouers en afrigter) op intrapersoonlike verhouding (sportdeelnemer se verhouding met homself) en doeloriëntering te ondersoek. Die gestandaardiseerde TEOSQ (Task and Ego Orientation Sport Questionnaire) van Duda (1989) en intra- en interpersoonlike verhoudingskaal van Minnaar (1997) is deur 112 manlike en vroulike Suid-Afrikaanse kompeterende sportdeelnemers tussen die ouderdomme van 17 en 25 jaar voltooi. Die result ate het die hipoteses ondersteun dat daar 'n positiewe verband tussen die doeloriëntering van ouers en afrigters met die doeloriëntering van die sportdeelnemer, asook tussen inter- en intrapersoonlike verhoudinge van die sportdeelnemer bestaan. Die hipotese dat daar 'n positiewe verband tussen 'n konstruktiewe intrapersoonlike verhouding en taakorientering bestaan en tussen 'n negatiewe intrapersoonlike verhouding en ego oriëntering by die sportdeelnemer, kon net ten dele bewys word. Die hipotese dat daar 'n korrelasie tussen interpersoonlike verhoudinge en die sportdeelnemer se doeloriëntering bestaan, kon nie bevestig word nie. Die tweede fase is om met kwalitatiewe navorsing bogenoemde verskynsels en relasies te ondersoek en te verstaan waar doeloriëntering vandaan kom en hoe doeloriëntering by die sportdeelnemer deur interaksie met ouers en afrigters vasgelê word. 'n Verdere doel van hierdie deel van die navorsing was om te bepaal watter verskynsel lê die grondslag vir die vorming van die ander, met ander woorde is intra- ¬en interpersoonlike verhoudinge spontane byprodukte van doeloriëntering of is doeloriëntering die byproduk van intra- en interpersoonlike verhoudinge. Data is verkry deur in-diepte onderhoude met sewe kompeterende sportdeelnemers te voer. Die onderhoude is op band opgeneem, na geskrewe teks oorgedra en ontleed. Vanweë die eksploratiewe aard van die navorsing is geen hipoteses vir hierdie deel van die studie gestel nie. Die resultate illustreer waarom en hoe die interaksie met ouers en afrigters die doeloriëntering van die sportdeelnemer beïinvloed en vorm. ENGLISH: The purpose of this study is to research goal orientation, intra- and interpersonal relations as constructs and to determine the dynamic relations between these phenomena. The first phase is to determine with quantitative research the relations between the goal orientation of the participant and his perception of the goal orientation of his parents and coach, and also to determine the influence of interpersonal relations (sport participants' relations with parents and coaches) on intrapersonal relations (the sport participant's relation with himself) and goal orientation. The standardized TEOSQ (Task and Ego Orientation Sport Questionnaire) of Duda (1989) and intra- and interpersonal relations scale of Minnaar (1997) were administered to 112 male and female South African competitive sport participants between the ages of 17 and 25 years. The results of the study confirmed the hypotheses that positive relations exist between goal orientation of parents/coaches and the sports participant, as well as between intra- and interpersonal relations of the participant. The hypothesis that a positive correlation exists between a constructive intrapersonal relation and task orientation as well as between a destructive intrapersonal relation and ego orientation in sport could only partially be verified. The hypothesis that a correlation exists between interpersonal relationships and goal orientation of the sport participant could not be verified. The second phase of the study is to further investigate the above findings with qualitative research to understand where and how goal orientation is formed by interaction between the sport participant and his parents and coach. Another goal of this part of the research was to determine which of the constructs forms the foundation for the other, in other words does intra- and interpersonal relations lead to goal orientation or does goal orientation lead to intra- and interpersonal relations. Seven competitive sport participants were interviewed for this part of the study. The interview was taped, transferred to text and then ana1ysed. Due to the exploratory nature of this research no hypotheses were set for this part of the study. Results illustrate how and why the interaction with parents and coaches influence the goal orientation of the sport participant.