Die Christologie van die Psalter binne die konteks van die koningspsalms? : ‘n praktiese toespitsing op Psalms 45 en 110 (Afrikaans)

Abstract

AFRIKAANS:By die interpretasie van tekste moet die historiese en kultiese Sitze im Leben waarbinne hierdie tekste ontstaan en oorgelewer is in ag geneem word. Ou-Testamentiese tekste het elkeen ’n selfstandige betekenis wat nie van ander tekste afhanklik is om betekenis te kry nie. Hiervolgens handel die sogenaamde Koningspsalms (ook genoem messiaanse psalms) soos Psalm 45 en Psalm 110 inhoudelik oor ‘n Judese koning. Elke Dawidiese koning het as seun van God oor die volk Israel regeer. Hy was die verteenwoordiger van God se regering. Sy taak was om reg en geregtigheid te handhaaf. Elke koning was ‘n tipe verlossersfiguur. Deur die koning en die oorloë wat hy gevoer het, het Jahwe verlossing van hulle vyande, aan sy volk geskenk. As teken van sy gesag en sy besondere taak wat die koning van Jahwe ontvang het, is die Dawidiese koning met olie gesalf. Dit het van hom God se messias gemaak. In ooreenstemming met hulle Jebusitiese voorgangers was elke Dawidiese koning ‘n priester net soos Melgisedek, die koning van Salem. In hierdie Dawidiese dinastie van messiaanse priester-konings, was Israel se hoop gesetel. Die Ou Testament gee ‘n unieke betekenis aan die begrip messias. Hiervolgens is die sentrale figuur in Psalm 45 en 110 die aardse koning van Juda wat optree as Jahwe se messias. Met die Babiloniese ballingskap is die Dawidiese messias-dinastie verbreek. Nou is die messias-begrip na die toekoms geprojekteer sodat die verwagting van ‘n komende messias begin ontwikkel het. Die unieke betekenis wat die Ou Testament aan die messias-begrip gee, is op sy beurt deur die Nuwe Testament geherinterpreteer sodat dit op Jesus Christus dui. Daarom dat die Hebreërskrywer Psalms 45 en 110 herinterpreteer met betrekking tot Jesus Christus. Die Nuwe Testament is dus nie ’n sleutel tot die verstaan van Ou-Testamentiese tekste nie. ENGLISH: When texts are being interpreted, it is necessary to do so within their historic and cultic Sitze im Leben where they have originated and have been transmitted. Old Testament texts have their own unique meanings. Therefore it is not necessary to use other texts to give meaning to a specific text. According to this, the royal psalms such as Psalm 45 and Psalm 110 have a Judean king as its contents. The royal psalms are also messianic psalms. Every Davidic king ruled over his people as the son of God. He was the representative of God’s rule. His task was to uphold justice and righteousness. Every king was a type of redeemer. To his people God gave redemption from their enemies by the king and the holy wars he waged. As a sign of his authority and the fact that God chose him for a specific task, every Davidic king was anointed with oil. This made him the messiah of God. In co-ordinance with his Jebusite predecessors, every Davidic king also was a priest just as Melchizedek, the king of Salem, was. Upon this Davidic dynasty of messianic priest-kings, Israel’s hope as a nation rested. The Old Testament gives a unique significance to the concept of messiah. In this significancent context the central figure in Psalms 45 and 110 is the earthly king of Judea. As king, he is the messiah of Jahwe. With the Babylonian exile, the Davidic messiah-dynasty was ended. Now the concept of the messiah was futurised in such a way that the anticipation of a coming messiah was developed. In its turn the New Testament reinterprets the unique significance that the Old Testament gives to the concept of messiah as being fulfilled in Jesus Christ. This is why the writer of Hebrews reinterprets Psalm 45 and 110 as being fulfilled in Jesus Christ. The New Testament is therefore not the key to the interpretation of the Old Testament.