The male crocodylian phallus, an intromittent organ, transfers sperm to the female cloaca during reproduction. During copulation, the distal phallic glans inflates via blood-filled spongiform tissues; it enlarges into an ...

Hypertension is the most common cardiovascular disease that affects approximately 26% of adult population, worldwide. Rutin is one of the important flavonoids that is consumed in the daily diet, and found in many food ...

BACKGROUND: Some viruses play a key role in the disturbance of the digestive system. The common viruses which cause infectious diarrhoea (gastroenteritis) include astrovirus, caliciviruses, coronavirus and torovirus which ...

Endophytes are bacteria or fungi which live inside the host plant and participate in many biological processes without causing disease or other adverse effects. Endophytes are recognised as a rich source of secondary ...

Ground beef contamination with Escherichia coli is usually a result of carcass faecal contamination during the slaughter process. Carcasses are contaminated when they come into contact with soiled hides or intestinal leakage ...

Psilocybin-containing mushrooms, commonly known as magic mushrooms, have been used since ancient and recent times for depression and to improve quality of life. However, their anti-inflammatory properties are not known. ...

Three species of Old World vultures on the Asian peninsula are slowly recovering from the lethal consequences of diclofenac. At present the reason for species sensitivity to diclofenac is unknown. Furthermore, it has since ...

In current research guidelines, much focus is placed on ethical management of animals and the application of principles of reduction, refinement and replacement. Of these refinements through environmental enrichment is ...

The term ‘packaging’ refers to the technological intervention aimed at the protection of food from a variety of factors, which provokes the product detriment. Packaging is considered as one of the most interesting ...

This study evaluated the in vitro antibacterial, antioxidant, nutritional and cytogenotoxic potentials of Aloe barbadensis (AB) root extract. The antimicrobial activity of AB was determined using agar well diffusion and ...