Mainstream understanding of how the urban form of South African cities developed over the past century and a half is often traced back to the colonial town plan. Writers argue that the gridiron and axial arrangement were ...

For more than a century the statue of Paul Kruger has served as a focal point of political uncertainty and change in South Africa. Since Paul Kruger’s statue was first brought to Pretoria after its completion just before ...

In Cinema 1: The Movement-Image and Cinema 2: The Time-Image, Gilles Deleuze maintains that cinematic time-images first emerged after World War Two against the backdrop of the ‘any-space-whatever’ reflected in Italian ...

This article attempts to communicate the unique ambience and scale of Venice during its Biennale; to draw attention to four sets of questions highlighted by the 2011 event; and to focus on a few projects (including their ...

During the eighteenth century, the Cape Colony developed into a violent society in every sense of the word. The type of crimes committed by perpetrators, the sentences imposed by the colonial authorities and the Court ...

The subject of this article is the monastic complex at Mafra, Portugal, commissioned by Dom João V (King John V, 1689-1750). An overview of the historical circumstances of the building project is followed by José Saramago’s ...

In observing recent journals, one notices the frequent use of stone cladding on building projects and associated advertisements, as a demand for a variety of stone cladding types. This article explores the idea of stone ...

Mankind has enjoyed a long historical relationship with plants, using them as objects of beauty, sculpting gardens into a form of art and fashioning them into expressions of philosophical belief. From the 1970s onwards ...