Mapping the factors that influence policy implementation

Abstract

Various factors influence policy implementation. This article highlights some of the critical factors that influence the success of policy implementation. The study does not claim to provide a complete set of factors, but raises awareness about multiple factors. In some instances, it may be difficult to measure the degree of importance of certain factors. One almost ambiguous factor in policy performance is commitment. What determines factors such as commitment? What is the relationship between these factors? The article sketches the complexity and dynamic nature of the policy implementation process. Other factors besides commitment that are highlighted are the value of training, institutional environment, public/private partnerships, contextual factors and interorganisational co-operation. In any policy implementation study, one tends to find a myriad implementation variables. The key to implementation performance is understanding the specific situation where the policy initiative is to be put into practice. The dynamic nature and style of implementation is also shaped by different behaviours by the political and administrative role-players concerned.