Survey of farmers' knowledge of yam pests and diseases and management practices in southern Ethiopia

Abstract

Yam is a widely consumed food in the tropics and subtropics. Determination of pests (pathogens and insects) and diseases (developed pest invasions and symptoms) and the appropriate management practices are critical in existing crop production systems. This study aimed to document farmers’ knowledge about yam pests and diseases and their management practices in southern Ethiopia. Data were collected from 342 systematically selected farmers and 96 yam fields in 5 major yam-growing zones (Dawuro, Gofa, Gamo, Kembata-Tembaro, and Wolaita) in southern Ethiopia using a semi-structured interview guide. The results showed that 54.1% of the farmers saved their planting materials for the next growing season, while 39.2% of the farmers purchased the planting materials from the local market every year. Most farmers (63.5%) reported that the cultivation of yam has been declining annually due to pests and diseases. White yam (Dioscorea rotundata) (Poir, Dioscoreales, Dioscoreaceae) and water yam (Dioscorea alata) are severely damaged by pests and diseases, as perceived by 33.9% and 24.9% of farmers, respectively. Farmers use healthy-looking pest- and disease-free tubers (39.5%), remove infected plants (24.0%), practice crop rotations (17.3%), and use animal manure (7.0%) to manage yam pests and diseases. Farmers’ knowledge can be a starting point for seeking solutions to yam pests and disease risks. This study could play an important role in improving yam cultivation by identifying strategies to improve the recent decline in yam production to meet future food needs for a rapidly growing population.