Towards using the light falling weight deflectometer as a construction control device

Show simple item record

dc.contributor.advisor Steyn, Wynand J.vdM. en
dc.contributor.coadvisor Horak, Emile en
dc.contributor.postgraduate Heathcote, Johan Henry en
dc.date.accessioned 2016-10-14T07:32:07Z
dc.date.available 2016-10-14T07:32:07Z
dc.date.created 2016-04-14 en
dc.date.issued 2016 en
dc.description Dissertation (MEng)--University of Pretoria, 2016. en
dc.description.abstract The Light Falling Weight Deflectometer (LFWD) is a dynamic non-destructive test developed to estimate the in-situ stiffness modulus of pavement materials. The technology of this device is very similar to that of the Falling Weight Deflectometer (FWD) to most closely simulate the loading rate and area of a single moving wheel. The LFWD is a portable scaled down hand operated version of the mechanical electrical FWD that applies an impulse load from a drop weight impacting a circular plate resting on the surface to impose various contact pressures through a calibrated system of rubber buffers. The LFWD, like the FWD, measures both the force and deflections with a velocity transducer to calculate the stiffness of the particular layer. Over the past decade the LFWD has experienced increased popularity due to the fact that non-destructive tests can be undertaken to determine aspects of a constructed layer s engineering and physical properties and because it is portable. The LFWD would ideally be used to provide better engineering parameters for the quality assurance and quality control during the construction of granular and lightly cemented layers. Previous LFWD research consists of correlation studies between different strength characterisation testing equipment of pavement layers, there is however, a lot of variability present in these correlation relationships. One of the most prominent sources of engendering variability within the LFWD measurements is attributed to inconsistent operation protocol. This study was undertaken to establish an operation protocol for the Dynatest 3031 LFWD device and to consequently investigate the influence of various parameters on the surface moduli and deflection bowl parameters yielded by the LFWD and to determine a reliable relationship between LFWD stiffness results, deflection bowl parameters and other pavement material parameters. The ensuing intention is to accurately predict the model or monitor the basic material characteristics and enhance standard construction quality control testing in a practical engineering quality control application. LFWD deflection bowl benchmark analysis in conjunction with the calculated surface modulus values can effectively be used as a first step screening tool in identifying areas or zones of distress in a newly constructed pavement layer. The concept of the well-known Red, Amber, Green (RAG) structural condition rating system have been utilised for the LFWD derived deflection bowl parameters and proposed surface moduli ranges for granular base pavements. This study confirms that the LFWD can be utilised as a non-destructive quality control testing device in a practical engineering quality control application. In spite of the lack of exactness of the current RAG criteria, it had been experienced that such a high sample density non-destructive test method and benchmarking can help identify areas or spots in a constructed layer which warrants additional conventional testing. Additional research is however necessary to continuously improve and revise the proposed ranges in order to achieve accurate and reliable flexible pavement quality and acceptance control procedures for the LFWD device. en_ZA
dc.description.abstract Die Ligte Vallende Gewig Deflektometer (LVGD) is 'n dinamiese nie-destruktiewe toetsapparaat wat ontwikkel is om die in-situ styfheid modulus van plaveisel materiale te bepaal. Die tegnologie van hierdie toestel is soortgelyk aan dié van die Vallende Gewig Deflektometer (VGD) om die belading en kontakdruk van 'n enkele bewegende wiel akkuraat te simuleer. Die LVGD is 'n draagbare, afgeskaalde handgekontroleerde weergawe van die meganiese elektriese VGD wat 'n impulslas toepas van n vallende gewig op n ronde plaat wat op die oppervlak rus, impakteer om ? kontakdruk oor te dra op die plaveisel deur 'n gekalibreerde stelsel van rubber buffers. Die LVGD, soos die VGD, meet beide die kontakdruk en defleksies met 'n versnellingsmeter om die styfheid van n bepaalde laag te kan bereken. Gedurende die afgelope dekade het die LVGD toenemende gewildheid ervaar te danke aan die feit dat draagbare nie-destruktiewe toetse gedoen kan word om aspekte te bepaal van n gekonstrueerde laag se ingenieurs en fisiese eienskappe. Die LVGD sou ideaal gebruik word om beter ingenieurs-parameters vir die kwalitiet konstruksie kontrole beheer te verskaf tydens die konstruksie van klip en gruis-materiaal en ligte gestabiliseerde plaveisellae. Vorige LVGD navorsing bestaan uit korrelasiestudies tussen verskillende sterkte karakteriserings toetstoerusting van die plaveisellae. Daar is egter baie variasie teenwoordig in hierdie korrelasie verwantskappe. Een van die mees prominente bronne van variasie binne die LVGD meetings word toegeskryf aan teenstrydige operasionele protokol tydens toetsing. Hierdie studie is onderneem om 'n operasionele protokol te vestig vir die Dynatest 3031 LVGD toestel en om gevolglik die invloed van verskeie parameters op die oppervlakmoduli en defleksiekom parameters wat opgelewer word deur die LVGD te ondersoek. Dit het 'n betroubare verhouding tussen LVGD styfheid resultate, defleksiekom parameters en ander plaveisel materiaal parameters daar gestel. Die daaropvolgende voorneme is om die basiese materiaal eienskappe met behulp van 'n model akkuraat te voorspel of te kan moniteer. en om as eerste orde aanduider toetse gebruik te word met standaard konstruksie kontrole beheertoetsing in 'n praktiese ingenieurswese kontrole beheer omgewing. LVGD defleksiekom parameters maatstaf of relatiewe ontleding in samewerking met die berekende oppervlakmodulus waardes kan effektief gebruik word as 'n eerste orde keuringsinstrument in die identifisering van gebiede of sones van swakker materiaal kwaliteit in 'n nuut gekonstrueerde plaveisellaag. Die konsep van die bekende relatiewe maatstaf met Rooi, Amber, Groen (RAG) strukturele toestand graderingstelsel is gebruik, en kriteria voorgestel vir die LVGD afgeleide defleksiekom parameters en voorgestelde oppervlakmoduli vir klip en gruis-materiaal of korrelmateriaal kroonlaag plaveisels se strukturele sterkte evaluering. Hierdie studie bevestig dat die LVGD benut kan word as 'n nie-destruktiewe konstruksiekontrole beheertoetsing apparaat in 'n praktiese konstruksiekontrole beheer omgewing. Ten spyte van die gebrek aan akkuraatheid van die huidige RAG kriteria, is dit ervaar dat so 'n hoë frekwensie toets potensiaal, nie-destruktiewe toets metode kan help om areas of kolle in 'n gekonstrueerde laag te identifiseer wat bykomende konvensionele toetse regverdig. Verdere navorsing is egter noodsaaklik om voortdurend die voorgestelde evalueringskriteria te verbeter en te hersien om akkurate en betroubare buigsame plaveisel kwaliteit en aanvaarding beheer prosedures vir die LVGD toestel daar te stel. af_ZA
dc.description.availability Unrestricted en
dc.description.degree MEng en
dc.description.department Civil Engineering en
dc.description.librarian tm2016 en
dc.identifier.citation Heathcote, JH 2016, Towards using the light falling weight deflectometer as a construction control device, MEng Dissertation, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, viewed yymmdd <http://hdl.handle.net/2263/57182> en
dc.identifier.other A2016 en
dc.identifier.uri http://hdl.handle.net/2263/57182
dc.language.iso en en
dc.publisher University of Pretoria en_ZA
dc.rights © 2016 University of Pretoria. All rights reserved. The copyright in this work vests in the University of Pretoria. No part of this work may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, without the prior written permission of the University of Pretoria. en
dc.subject UCTD en
dc.subject.other Engineering, built environment and information technology theses SDG-09
dc.subject.other SDG-09: Industry, innovation and infrastructure
dc.subject.other Engineering, built environment and information technology theses SDG-11
dc.subject.other SDG-11: Sustainable cities and communities
dc.subject.other Engineering, built environment and information technology theses SDG-13
dc.subject.other SDG-13: Climate action
dc.title Towards using the light falling weight deflectometer as a construction control device en_ZA
dc.type Dissertation en


Files in this item

This item appears in the following Collection(s)

Show simple item record